A influência de elementos visuais (ir)relevantes na aprendizagem de crianças em idade escolar
Date
2024-04-09
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Coadvisor
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Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo compreender o efeito do ambiente visual
da sala de aula no desempenho de crianças em tarefas escolares. Para tal, foi realizado
um estudo experimental de campo, em que se manipulou a presença/ausência de
elementos visuais expostos nas paredes da sala de aula, incluindo elementos
relacionados e não relacionados com os conteúdos a adquirir. Em cada sessão, depois
de uma aula lecionada, foi aplicado um teste de conhecimentos. Este estudo contou
com a participação de 46 crianças do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico de duas escolas do
distrito do Porto, com idades compreendidas entre os 8 e os 10 anos (M = 8.61, DP =
0.68), sendo 23 (50%) do sexo masculino e 23 (50%) do sexo feminino. Desses, 24
estudantes (52.2%) eram do 3º ano e 22 (47.8%) do 4º ano de escolaridade. Os
resultados indicam que, independentemente do sexo, da ordem em que as aulas foram
administradas (com exceção de uma ordem, entre quatro ordens distintas) e dos níveis
atencionais e de ansiedade, existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p < .05)
entre os ambientes manipulados (sem elementos visuais vs. com elementos visuais),
evidenciando-se um melhor desempenho dos alunos no ambiente com elementos
visuais (M = 16.63, DP = 3.11), comparativamente com o ambiente sem elementos
visuais (M = 13.85, DP = 3.83), p < .05. Mais especificamente, constatou-se que os
resultados nos testes foram melhores quando as aulas foram lecionadas em ambiente
congruente (M = 18.10, DP = 1.76) quando comparado com o ambiente não congruente
(M = 15.24, DP = 3.45), p < .01. A presente investigação permitiu obter conclusões
baseadas na manipulação de salas de aula reais, enriquecendo a validade ecológica
dos resultados. De um modo geral, importa salientar que os resultados não só
sustentam a relevância do ambiente visual na sala de aula, como também revelam
potenciais implicações práticas e estratégias tangíveis para aprimorar a experiência
educacional de crianças. No âmbito da investigação psicológica, este estudo oferece
uma fundação robusta para futuras investigações, convidando a uma exploração mais
profunda dos fatores que medeiam a relação entre o ambiente visual e o desempenho
académico.
The main objective of the present study was to understand the effect of the visual environment of the classroom on children's performance in school tasks. To this end, an experimental field study was carried out, in which there was the manipulation of visual elements displayed on the walls of the classroom, including elements related and unrelated to the content to be acquired. In each session, after a class taught, a knowledge test was administered. of the sample was composed of 46 children from the 1st Cycle of Basic Education from two schools (district of Porto), aged between 8 and 10 years old (M = 8.61, SD = 0.68), 23 (50%) of whom were from male and 23 (50%) female. Of these, 24 students (52.2%) were in the 3rd year and 22 (47.8%) in the 4th year of schooling. The results indicate that, regardless of gender, the order in which classes were administered (with the exception of one order in a total of 4) and levels of attention, and anxiety, there were statistically significant differences between the manipulated environments (without visual elements vs. with visual elements), showing better student performance in the environment with visual elements (M = 16.63, SD = 3.11), when compared to the environment without visual elements (M = 13.85, SD = 3.83). Specifically, it was found that evaluations were better when classes were taught in a congruent environment (M = 18.10, SD = 1.76) when compared to incongruent environment (M = 15.24, DP = 3.45 p < .01). This research allow us to drew conclusions based on manipulation of real classrooms, enriching the ecological validity of the results. In general, it is important to highlight that the results not only support the relevance of the visual environment in the classroom, but also propose potential practical implications and strategies to improve the educational experience with children. Within the scope of psychological research, this study provides a robust foundation for future research, inviting deeper exploration of the factors that mediate the relationship between the visual environment and academic performance.
The main objective of the present study was to understand the effect of the visual environment of the classroom on children's performance in school tasks. To this end, an experimental field study was carried out, in which there was the manipulation of visual elements displayed on the walls of the classroom, including elements related and unrelated to the content to be acquired. In each session, after a class taught, a knowledge test was administered. of the sample was composed of 46 children from the 1st Cycle of Basic Education from two schools (district of Porto), aged between 8 and 10 years old (M = 8.61, SD = 0.68), 23 (50%) of whom were from male and 23 (50%) female. Of these, 24 students (52.2%) were in the 3rd year and 22 (47.8%) in the 4th year of schooling. The results indicate that, regardless of gender, the order in which classes were administered (with the exception of one order in a total of 4) and levels of attention, and anxiety, there were statistically significant differences between the manipulated environments (without visual elements vs. with visual elements), showing better student performance in the environment with visual elements (M = 16.63, SD = 3.11), when compared to the environment without visual elements (M = 13.85, SD = 3.83). Specifically, it was found that evaluations were better when classes were taught in a congruent environment (M = 18.10, SD = 1.76) when compared to incongruent environment (M = 15.24, DP = 3.45 p < .01). This research allow us to drew conclusions based on manipulation of real classrooms, enriching the ecological validity of the results. In general, it is important to highlight that the results not only support the relevance of the visual environment in the classroom, but also propose potential practical implications and strategies to improve the educational experience with children. Within the scope of psychological research, this study provides a robust foundation for future research, inviting deeper exploration of the factors that mediate the relationship between the visual environment and academic performance.
Keywords
Ambiente visual circundante, Aprendizagem escolar, Elementos relevantes, Elementos irrelevantes, Crianças
Document Type
Master thesis
Publisher Version
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Citation
Coelho, S. J. S. (2024). A influência de elementos visuais (ir)relevantes na aprendizagem de crianças em idade escolar [Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/5583
Identifiers
TID
203608895
Designation
Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde
Access Type
Open Access