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Homo Sapiens Entrepreneurensis: The Base Business Creation Model
2025-02-01 - Carvalho, João M. S.
This book allows anyone to understand an entrepreneur's main characteristics and challenges and what is to be market-oriented. Why do we often complain about the providers of the products we need and the products themselves? Based on a theoretically sound background, the Base Business Creation Model is presented, which helps to test any business idea in all diverse contexts, private or public, for-profit or not-for-profit, even within a company, as a manifestation of intrapreneurship. This model includes the assessment of economic and financial viabilities, contributing to diminishing the probability of failure, which is relatively high among start-ups. Step-by-step, the entrepreneurs learn how to test their concepts of the product (good, service, idea, experience, behaviour, information), aiming at satisfy human and social needs, passing through the evaluation of the business opportunity, the design of a business model, and the assessment of its financial viability. Then, if the business concept has a reasonable probability of success, the entrepreneur can prepare a complete business plan using the Advanced Business Creation Model.
The impact of perceived ageism on psychological distress: Insights into the role of subjective vitality
2025-02-07 - Miguel, Isabel; Carvalhais, Lénia
Age discrimination is prevalent in society and has significant, far-reaching effects on individual distress. Additionally, loss of energy and fatigue are natural aspects of aging that can further potentiate psychological distress (depression, stress, and anxiety). Although the effects of ageism have been extensively studied, the moderating role of subjective vitality in the relationship between age discrimination and psychological distress has received far less attention. A total of 792 Portuguese participants from three distinct age groups (18–39, 40–59, and 60+) participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected through a structured self-report questionnaire, which included measures of perceived ageism, subjective vitality, stress, depression, and anxiety. Multivariate analyses of variance and moderated regression analyses were performed on the data. While an increased perception of positive ageism was found throughout the life cycle, results also indicated the highest levels of perceived negative ageism, anxiety, and depression among younger and older participants. Perceived ageism, both negative and positive, was positively connected to dimensions of psychological distress. Further, the effect of perceived negative ageism on stress and anxiety depends on the level of subjective vitality. The practical implications of the results to diminish the negative impacts of ageism are discussed.
Proteção dos direitos da criança, incluindo o consumo: Conhecimento e cumprimento
2025-01-01 - Carvalho, Olívia da Conceição; Martins, Ana; Amorim, André
A Convenção Sobre os Direitos da Criança (CDC), foi adotada pela Organização das Nações Unidas – ONU em 20 de novembro de 1989 e entrou em vigor em 2 de setembro de 1990. É o instrumento de direitos
humanos mais aceite na história universal e foi ratificado por 196 países. Somente os Estados Unidos não ratificaram a Convenção. Portugal ratificou a CDC em 21 de setembro de 1990. Com o presente estudo pretendeu-se saber se as crianças têm conhecimento dos seus direitos e se estes estão a ser cumpridos. Para isso foi aplicado o questionário “Ser Criança com Direitos; Conhecimento e Cumprimento, a uma amostra constituída por 304 participantes, residentes em nove cidades portuguesas, sendo 102 elementos do género masculino e 202 do feminino. Os artigos décimo nono, trigésimo terceiro e quadragésimo da CDC enunciam que “o Estado deve proteger a criança contra todas as formas de maus-tratos e estabelecer programas sociais para a prevenção dos abusos e para tratar as vítimas.