Organização política no Brasil: a relação entre as deficiências do sistema partidário e as dificuldades da representação política no Brasil
Date
2023-12-21
Embargo
Authors
Coadvisor
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Language
Portuguese
Alternative Title
Abstract
O sistema político brasileiro enfrenta desafios significativos em relação à sua
organização e representação. O presente trabalho consiste em uma análise
aprofundada, revelando uma relação intrincada entre as deficiências do sistema
partidário e as dificuldades da representação política no Brasil. Isso porque o referido
sistema é caracterizado por uma grande fragmentação, com um número elevado de
partidos políticos, sendo a maioria deles sem representatividade expressiva. Essa
fragmentação muitas vezes leva à falta de coesão ideológica e programática,
dificultando a formação de maiorias e coalizões estáveis no Congresso Nacional. Além
disso, a multiplicidade de partidos dificulta a identificação clara de agendas políticas e a
responsabilização dos representantes eleitos. Essas deficiências provocam
consequências diretas na representação política, e a falta de coesão partidária
enfraquece a capacidade dos partidos de oferecer propostas políticas consistentes e
abrangentes, reduzindo a clareza na definição dos interesses e demandas dos
cidadãos, e isso resulta em uma desconexão entre os eleitores e seus representantes,
e abala a confiança na política e nos políticos. A fragmentação partidária dificulta a
governabilidade e a implementação efetiva de políticas públicas, e a necessidade
constante de formar coalizões amplas e instáveis para obter apoio parlamentar resulta
em negociações complexas e muitas vezes prejudiciais aos interesses públicos. Essa
dinâmica de coalizões fisiológicas muitas vezes favorece a busca por interesses
pessoais e corporativos em detrimento das demandas da sociedade como um todo. O
presente estudo verifica que as dificuldades da representação política no Brasil também
são ampliadas pela presença de práticas corruptas e clientelistas. A influência do poder
econômico nas campanhas eleitorais e no exercício do mandato compromete a
independência dos representantes e a fidelidade aos interesses dos eleitores. Essas
deficiências dificultam a construção de um sistema político mais transparente e
responsável.
The Brazilian political system faces significant challenges regarding its organization and representation. The present work consists of an in-depth analysis revealing an intricate relationship between the deficiencies of the party system and the difficulties of political representation in Brazil. This is because the aforementioned system is characterized by great fragmentation, with a high number of political parties, most of which are not expressively representative. This fragmentation often leads to a lack of ideological and programmatic cohesion, making it difficult to form majorities and stable coalitions in National Congress. Furthermore, the multiplicity of parties makes it difficult to clearly identify political agendas and hold elected representatives accountable. These deficiencies have direct consequences on political representation and the lack of party cohesion weakens the ability of parties to offer consistent and comprehensive policy proposals, reducing clarity in defining citizens' interests and demands and this results in a disconnect between voters and their representatives, and undermines trust in politics and politicians. Party fragmentation makes governance and the effective implementation of public policies difficult, and the constant need to form broad and unstable coalitions to obtain parliamentary support results in complex negotiations that are often harmful to public interests. This dynamic of physiological coalitions often favors the pursuit of personal and corporate interests to the detriment of the demands of society as a whole. The present study verifies that the difficulties of political representation in Brazil are amplified by the presence of corrupt and clientelistic practices. The influence of economic power in electoral campaigns and in the exercise of mandates compromises the independence of representatives and the fidelity to the interests of the voters. These make it difficult to build a more transparent and accountable political system.
The Brazilian political system faces significant challenges regarding its organization and representation. The present work consists of an in-depth analysis revealing an intricate relationship between the deficiencies of the party system and the difficulties of political representation in Brazil. This is because the aforementioned system is characterized by great fragmentation, with a high number of political parties, most of which are not expressively representative. This fragmentation often leads to a lack of ideological and programmatic cohesion, making it difficult to form majorities and stable coalitions in National Congress. Furthermore, the multiplicity of parties makes it difficult to clearly identify political agendas and hold elected representatives accountable. These deficiencies have direct consequences on political representation and the lack of party cohesion weakens the ability of parties to offer consistent and comprehensive policy proposals, reducing clarity in defining citizens' interests and demands and this results in a disconnect between voters and their representatives, and undermines trust in politics and politicians. Party fragmentation makes governance and the effective implementation of public policies difficult, and the constant need to form broad and unstable coalitions to obtain parliamentary support results in complex negotiations that are often harmful to public interests. This dynamic of physiological coalitions often favors the pursuit of personal and corporate interests to the detriment of the demands of society as a whole. The present study verifies that the difficulties of political representation in Brazil are amplified by the presence of corrupt and clientelistic practices. The influence of economic power in electoral campaigns and in the exercise of mandates compromises the independence of representatives and the fidelity to the interests of the voters. These make it difficult to build a more transparent and accountable political system.
Keywords
Política brasileira, Instituições políticas, Democracia, Sistema partidário brasileiro, Representação política
Document Type
Master thesis
Publisher Version
Dataset
Citation
Souza, R. B. M. (2023). Organização política no Brasil: a relação entre as deficiências do sistema partidário e as dificuldades da representação política no Brasil [Dissertação de Mestrado em Direito Especialização em Ciências Jurídico-Políticas, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/5390
Identifiers
TID
203528727
Designation
Mestrado em Direito Especialização em Ciências Jurídico-Políticas
Access Type
Open Access