Justiça de paz no Brasil e julgados de paz em Portugal: Abordagem no direito comparado
Date
2021-07-30
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Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
O objetivo geral deste trabalho consiste em conhecer os fundamentos e
diferenças sobre julgado de paz em Portugal e atuação do juiz de paz no
Brasil.Em Portugal o julgado de paz é o nome dado ao Tribunal de onde o
procedimento é iniciado e processado, o qual representa uma instância de
vizinhança em larga medida desformalizada para encontrar solução adequada
para seus litígios. Possui relevância já que atua em pequenos conflitos e busca a
conciliação entre as partes antes que ingressem em Juízo, o que possibilita
resolução de conflitos baseadas em lógicas diferentes das usadas em decisões
judiciais. Funcionam hoje também como mediadores. Actualmente, esse
Tribunal, na pessoa do Juiz de paz, profere sentenças num tempo médio de 2
(dois) meses após a primeira audiência e com a mesma eficácia que os
Tribunais de primeira instância. É estipulado para ingressar com a causa neste
Tribunal o valor máximo de 15.000£ quando do início seria apenas 5.000£. A
atuação dos juízes de paz no Brasil é diferente, ou seja, trabalham apenas como
agentes honoríficos, auxiliares e não integrantes da Magistratura regulamentar.
O tema da justiça de paz, na maioria dos estados brasileiros, está previsto nos
Códigos de Organização e Divisão Judiciária, documento este elaborado pelos
Tribunais de Justiça. Alguns poucos estados já positivaram a matéria de Justiça
de paz através de Lei específica. Hoje, o Juiz de paz no Brasil tem o
compromisso de examinar os processos em conformidade com o oficial do
cartório, que, estando em plena legalidade, será deliberado o dia e hora para a
realização do casamento, em sítio aberto e conduzido pelo Juiz de paz, que
após a cerimônia, assina e libera a certidão deste ato formal. Cabe ainda
ressaltar o que mais se assemelha com o Julgado de Paz em Portugal, é hoje no
Brasil denominado como Juizado Especial de Primeira Instância que tem lei
própria e valores de alçada baixos, cabendo ainda das decisões a interposição
de recursos para o Tribunal Superior, conhecido como Turma Recursal.
The general objective of this work is to know the fundamentals and differences between the Justices of the Peace in Portugal and the role of the Justice of the peace in Brazil. In Portugal, Justice of the Peace is the name given to the Court from which the procedure is initiated and processed, which represents a largely unformalized neighborhood instance to find an adequate solution to disputes. It has relevance since it acts in small conflicts and seeks conciliation between the parties before they go to court, which makes it possible to resolve conflicts based on logics different from those used in judicial decisions. Today they also function as mediators. Currently, this Court, through the Justice of Peace, delivers sentences an average of 2 (two) months after the first hearing and with the same effectiveness as the Courts of First Instance. The maximum value of £ 15,000 is stipulated to bring the case to the Court when it would only be £ 5,000 from the start. The performance of the Justices of the peace in Brazil is different, that is, they work only as honorary agents, assistants and not members of the regulatory judiciary. The theme of justice of the peace, in most Brazilian states, is provided for in the Codes of Organization and Judicial Division, a document prepared by the Courts of Justice. A few states have already set down the matter of justice in law by means of a specific law. Today, the Justice of the Peace in Brazil is committed to examining the cases in accordance with the notary official, who, being in full legality, will decide on the day and time for the wedding, in an open place and conducted by the Justice of the peace, which after the ceremony, signs and releases the certificate of this formal act. It should also be noted that what most resembles the Justices of Peace in Portugal, is today in Brazil called the Special Court of First Instance, which has its own law and low levels of jurisdiction, and the appeals of the Superior Court are still up to the decisions, known as the Class Appeal.
The general objective of this work is to know the fundamentals and differences between the Justices of the Peace in Portugal and the role of the Justice of the peace in Brazil. In Portugal, Justice of the Peace is the name given to the Court from which the procedure is initiated and processed, which represents a largely unformalized neighborhood instance to find an adequate solution to disputes. It has relevance since it acts in small conflicts and seeks conciliation between the parties before they go to court, which makes it possible to resolve conflicts based on logics different from those used in judicial decisions. Today they also function as mediators. Currently, this Court, through the Justice of Peace, delivers sentences an average of 2 (two) months after the first hearing and with the same effectiveness as the Courts of First Instance. The maximum value of £ 15,000 is stipulated to bring the case to the Court when it would only be £ 5,000 from the start. The performance of the Justices of the peace in Brazil is different, that is, they work only as honorary agents, assistants and not members of the regulatory judiciary. The theme of justice of the peace, in most Brazilian states, is provided for in the Codes of Organization and Judicial Division, a document prepared by the Courts of Justice. A few states have already set down the matter of justice in law by means of a specific law. Today, the Justice of the Peace in Brazil is committed to examining the cases in accordance with the notary official, who, being in full legality, will decide on the day and time for the wedding, in an open place and conducted by the Justice of the peace, which after the ceremony, signs and releases the certificate of this formal act. It should also be noted that what most resembles the Justices of Peace in Portugal, is today in Brazil called the Special Court of First Instance, which has its own law and low levels of jurisdiction, and the appeals of the Superior Court are still up to the decisions, known as the Class Appeal.
Keywords
Julgado de paz, Análise comparada, Brasil, Portugal
Document Type
Master thesis
Publisher Version
Dataset
Citation
Guedes, R. B. (2021). Justiça de paz no Brasil e julgados de paz em Portugal: Abordagem no direito comparado. (Dissertação de Mestrado), Universidade Portucalense, Portugal. Disponível no Repositório UPT, http://hdl.handle.net/11328/3642
Identifiers
TID
202752941
Designation
Mestrado em Ciência Jurídica Forense
Access Type
Open Access