A permacultura como ferramenta de projeto de arquitetura
Date
2023-06-21
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Coadvisor
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Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
Na atualidade projeta-se e materializa-se a arquitetura como se não houvesse
aprendizagens a retirar dos últimos cinquenta anos. Do planeamento de uma cidade ao
de uma habitação, de um modo geral, não se encontra qualquer reflexo da evolução do
conhecimento científico relativamente à ecologia e sustentabilidade. Dos poucos passos
tomados nesse sentido denota-se um maior interesse no fomento do consumo de
soluções de índole tecnológico em detrimento de soluções ambientais. Tendo em conta
estes fatores, a presente dissertação pretende apresentar uma série de soluções
arquitetónicas cujos princípios serão ecológicos e regenerativos.
Com os princípios da permacultura como guia traçam-se os objetivos desta dissertação
de através deles identificar soluções arquitetónicas, e que estas minimizem os impactos
negativos que as habitações têm nos ecossistemas. Para tal, procura-se uma nova
estratégia, que permita que as habitações projetadas por estes princípios transitem de
um modelo de consumo para um modelo de produção. A diminuição, ou mesmo a
eliminação, da dependência de serviços externos ao local é a linha orientadora deste
processo. A produção de energia e de alimentos serão os exemplos mais significantes
na persecução destes objetivos, no que toca a necessidades de abastecimento. Em
relação às necessidades de eliminação pretende-se que no local de intervenção seja
dado destino final aos resíduos resultantes do dia a dia.
Na presente dissertação serão aplicadas duas estratégias metodológicas. Para atingir os
objetivos propostos optou-se por seguir uma combinação dominante/subordinada por
ser a mais apropriada. Assim, como estratégia dominante será usado o método
correlacional. Este método é apropriado à compreensão de fenómenos abrangentes, já
que explora a relação entre diferentes variáveis, dando enfase à análise de padrões. O
método será usado para a análise dos vários conceitos e diversos fatores que compõem
a fundamentação teórica e a análise do local de intervenção. Num segundo momento,
o do desenvolvimento do projeto de arquitetura, aplica-se como estratégia subordinada
a prática reflexiva em que o próprio processo de projeto é objeto de análise. Com este
método pretende-se que a ponderação de todos os fatores analisados, com base no
método anterior, leve à elaboração de uma solução projetual fundamentada.
Como desfecho, apresenta-se uma análise exaustiva do projeto desenvolvido com base
nos princípios da permacultura, justificando-se igualmente a linha de raciocínio que leva
a cada tomada de decisão sobre o mesmo. Mais adiante, faz-se uma reflexão crítica
sobre a permacultura como ferramenta de planeamento arquitetónico, dos impactos
que a sua aplicação permite remediar, do processo do seu uso e das conclusões que
permite atingir..
Currently, architecture is projected and materialized as if there were no lessons to be learned from the last fifty years. From the planning of a city to that of housing, in general, there is no reflection of the evolution of scientific knowledge regarding ecology and sustainability. Of the few steps taken in this direction, there is a greater interest in promoting the consumption of technological solutions to the detriment of environmental solutions. Taking these factors into account, this dissertation intends to present a series of architectural solutions whose principles will be ecological and regenerative. With the principles of permaculture as a guide, the objectives of this dissertation are outlined in order to identify architectural solutions through them, and that these minimize the negative impacts that housing has on ecosystems. To this end, a new strategy is sought, which allows housing designed by these principles to transition from a consumption model to a production model. The reduction, or even elimination, of dependence on services outside the site is the guideline of this process. The production of energy and food will be the most significant examples in the pursuit of these objectives, in terms of supply needs. With regard to disposal needs, it is intended that the final destination of waste resulting from everyday life is given at the intervention site. In this dissertation two methodological strategies will be applied. To achieve the proposed objectives, it was decided to follow a dominant/subordinate combination as it was the most appropriate. Thus, the correlational method will be used as the dominant strategy. This method is suitable for understanding broad phenomena, as it explores the relationship between different variables, with an emphasis on pattern analysis. The method will be used to analyze the various concepts and factors that make up the theoretical foundation and the analysis of the intervention site. In a second moment, that of the development of the architectural project, the reflexive practice is applied as a subordinate strategy, in which the design process itself is the object of analysis. With this method, it is intended that the weighting of all the factors analyzed, based on the previous method, leads to the elaboration of a reasoned design solution. As a conclusion, an exhaustive analysis of the project developed based on the principles of permaculture is presented, also explaining the line of reasoning that leads to each decision taken about it. Further on, a critical reflection is made on permaculture as an architectural planning tool, on the impacts that its application allows to remedy, on the process of its use and on the conclusions that it allows to reach.
Currently, architecture is projected and materialized as if there were no lessons to be learned from the last fifty years. From the planning of a city to that of housing, in general, there is no reflection of the evolution of scientific knowledge regarding ecology and sustainability. Of the few steps taken in this direction, there is a greater interest in promoting the consumption of technological solutions to the detriment of environmental solutions. Taking these factors into account, this dissertation intends to present a series of architectural solutions whose principles will be ecological and regenerative. With the principles of permaculture as a guide, the objectives of this dissertation are outlined in order to identify architectural solutions through them, and that these minimize the negative impacts that housing has on ecosystems. To this end, a new strategy is sought, which allows housing designed by these principles to transition from a consumption model to a production model. The reduction, or even elimination, of dependence on services outside the site is the guideline of this process. The production of energy and food will be the most significant examples in the pursuit of these objectives, in terms of supply needs. With regard to disposal needs, it is intended that the final destination of waste resulting from everyday life is given at the intervention site. In this dissertation two methodological strategies will be applied. To achieve the proposed objectives, it was decided to follow a dominant/subordinate combination as it was the most appropriate. Thus, the correlational method will be used as the dominant strategy. This method is suitable for understanding broad phenomena, as it explores the relationship between different variables, with an emphasis on pattern analysis. The method will be used to analyze the various concepts and factors that make up the theoretical foundation and the analysis of the intervention site. In a second moment, that of the development of the architectural project, the reflexive practice is applied as a subordinate strategy, in which the design process itself is the object of analysis. With this method, it is intended that the weighting of all the factors analyzed, based on the previous method, leads to the elaboration of a reasoned design solution. As a conclusion, an exhaustive analysis of the project developed based on the principles of permaculture is presented, also explaining the line of reasoning that leads to each decision taken about it. Further on, a critical reflection is made on permaculture as an architectural planning tool, on the impacts that its application allows to remedy, on the process of its use and on the conclusions that it allows to reach.
Keywords
Arquitetura, Permacultura, Sustentável, Ecológico, Regenerativo, Holístico
Document Type
Master thesis
Publisher Version
Dataset
Citation
Pereira, J. M. S. C. (2023). A permacultura como ferramenta de projeto de arquitetura [Dissertação de Mestrado Pntegrado em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/5167
Identifiers
TID
203558162
Designation
Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Access Type
Open Access