Envolvimento e desinvestimento na escola, inteligência emocional, e bem-estar subjetivo: um estudo de clusters
Date
2023-09-07
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Coadvisor
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Portuguese
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Abstract
O envolvimento e o desinvestimento na escola são conceitos-chave para a compreensão do desenvolvimento e educação dos adolescentes, referindo-se ao grau de comprometimento (ou falta dele) dos estudantes com o ambiente escolar e com as suas atividades académicas. O presente estudo tem como objetivos gerais: a identificação de perfis com base nas variáveis de envolvimento e desinvestimento na escola, numa amostra de alunos do ensino básico e secundário; a relação destes clusters com variáveis de inteligência emocional, bem-estar subjetivo e rendimento académico; e a análise destes grupos em função de variáveis sociodemográficas e escolares, como o sexo e ano de escolaridade. Participaram no estudo 467 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos (44.8% rapazes, 54.3% raparigas), com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e 19 anos (M = 15.13, DP = 1.31). A análise de clusters identificou cinco perfis: “Elevado envolvimento agenciativo e afetivo/Elevado desinvestimento”, “Baixo envolvimento afetivo e cognitivo/ Elevado desinvestimento”, “Baixo envolvimento agenciativo, cognitivo e comportamental/ Elevado desinvestimento”, “Elevado envolvimento afetivo, cognitivo e comportamental/ Baixo envolvimento agenciativo e desinvestimento” e “Elevado envolvimento / Baixo desinvestimento”. Os clusters diferenciam-se significativamente nas variáveis em estudo, nomeadamente na inteligência emocional, bem-estar subjetivo e rendimento académico. Globalmente, clusters com níveis mais elevados de envolvimento e níveis inferiores de desinvestimento na escola obtiveram resultados superiores nas variáveis estudadas. Estes resultados apoiam a utilidade de examinar os perfis de envolvimento e desinvestimento na escola, de forma multidimensional, com implicações práticas ao nível psicoeducacional.
School engagement and disengagement are key concepts for understanding the development and education of adolescents, referring to the degree of commitment (or lack thereof) of students to the school environment and their academic activities. The present study aims to: identify profiles based on the variables of engagement and disengagement in school in a sample of students from basic and secondary education; examine the relationship of these clusters with variables of emotional intelligence, subjective well-being, and academic performance; and analyze these groups based on sociodemographic and school variables, such as gender and grade level. A total of 467 adolescents participated in the study, comprising both sexes (44.8% boys, 54.3% girls), with ages ranging from 12 to 19 years (M = 15.13, SD = 1.31). Cluster analysis identified five profiles: "High agency and affective engagement/High disengagement," "Low affective and cognitive engagement/High disengagement," "Low agency, cognitive, and behavioral engagement/High disengagement," "High affective, cognitive, and behavioral engagement/Low agency and disengagement," and "High engagement/Low disengagement." The clusters significantly differed in the variables under study, namely emotional intelligence, subjective well-being, and academic performance. Overall, clusters with higher levels of engagement and lower levels of disengagement in school achieved better results in the studied variables. These results support the usefulness of examining multidimensional profiles of engagement and disengagement in school, with practical implications for psychoeducational interventions.
School engagement and disengagement are key concepts for understanding the development and education of adolescents, referring to the degree of commitment (or lack thereof) of students to the school environment and their academic activities. The present study aims to: identify profiles based on the variables of engagement and disengagement in school in a sample of students from basic and secondary education; examine the relationship of these clusters with variables of emotional intelligence, subjective well-being, and academic performance; and analyze these groups based on sociodemographic and school variables, such as gender and grade level. A total of 467 adolescents participated in the study, comprising both sexes (44.8% boys, 54.3% girls), with ages ranging from 12 to 19 years (M = 15.13, SD = 1.31). Cluster analysis identified five profiles: "High agency and affective engagement/High disengagement," "Low affective and cognitive engagement/High disengagement," "Low agency, cognitive, and behavioral engagement/High disengagement," "High affective, cognitive, and behavioral engagement/Low agency and disengagement," and "High engagement/Low disengagement." The clusters significantly differed in the variables under study, namely emotional intelligence, subjective well-being, and academic performance. Overall, clusters with higher levels of engagement and lower levels of disengagement in school achieved better results in the studied variables. These results support the usefulness of examining multidimensional profiles of engagement and disengagement in school, with practical implications for psychoeducational interventions.
Keywords
Envolvimento na escola, Desinvestimento, Inteligência emocional, Bem-estar subjetivo, Clusters
Document Type
Master thesis
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Citation
Coelho, I. A. S. (2023). Envolvimento e desinvestimento na escola, inteligência emocional, e bem-estar subjetivo: um estudo de clusters [Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/5071
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203496370
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Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde
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Restricted Access