A concorrência desleal à luz da jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça: Revisitando o tema dos interesses protegidos
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2017
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Português
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No ordenamento jurídico português, a Concorrência Desleal continua a ser maioritariamente entendida como mecanismo de garantia das posições adquiridas pelos agentes económicos nas suas relações recíprocas, atenta à necessidade de evitar o desvio de clientela alheia. No entanto, abordada sobretudo numa dimensão evolutiva, a jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça demonstra que a disciplina visa agora também a protecção dos interesses dos consumidores, como resulta especialmente da recusa de registo de sinais distintivos. Esta evolução assenta no âmbito de aplicação e nos critérios normativos enunciados na cláusula geral, que passam a coincidir respectivamente com o acto de intervenção no mercado e a boa fé, em alternativa à relação de concorrência e à ética comercial. Ao contrário do que se verifica no modelo social, a perspectiva comportamental jusprivatista adoptada em sede de Concorrência Desleal afasta a garantia do interesse público no regular funcionamento do mercado.
In the Portuguese legal system, the unfair competition is still mainly understood as a guarantee mechanism of the positions acquired by economic agents in their mutual relationships, considering the need to avoid the diverting of others’ clientele. However , addressed mainly from an evolutionary dimension, the case law of the Supreme Court of Justice demonstrates that the discipline also aims now the protection of consumers’ interests, as appears particularly from the registration refusal of distinguishing signs. This development is based on the scope of application and on the normative criteria laid down in the general clause, which correspond respectively to the act of intervention on the market and the good faith, as an alternative to competitive relationship and the commercial ethics. Contrary to what happens in the social model, the private law behavioral perspective adopted in unfair competition excludes the guarantee of the public interest on the regular functioning of the market.
In the Portuguese legal system, the unfair competition is still mainly understood as a guarantee mechanism of the positions acquired by economic agents in their mutual relationships, considering the need to avoid the diverting of others’ clientele. However , addressed mainly from an evolutionary dimension, the case law of the Supreme Court of Justice demonstrates that the discipline also aims now the protection of consumers’ interests, as appears particularly from the registration refusal of distinguishing signs. This development is based on the scope of application and on the normative criteria laid down in the general clause, which correspond respectively to the act of intervention on the market and the good faith, as an alternative to competitive relationship and the commercial ethics. Contrary to what happens in the social model, the private law behavioral perspective adopted in unfair competition excludes the guarantee of the public interest on the regular functioning of the market.
Palavras-chave
Concorrência desleal, Supremo Tribunal de Justiça, Dupla protecção, Consumidores, Modelo social, Interpretação funcional, Unfair competition, Supreme Court of Justice, Dual protection, Consumers, Social model, Functional interpretation
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Amorim, A. (2017). A concorrência desleal à luz da jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça: Revisitando o tema dos interesses protegidos. Revista Brasileira de Estudos Jurídicos, 12, 65-107. Disponível no Repositório UPT, http://hdl.handle.net/11328/2289
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