Empresas e Direitos Humanos
Date
2021-07-20
Embargo
Advisor
Coadvisor
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Language
Portuguese
Alternative Title
Business and Human Rights
Abstract
O objetivo do simpósio é reunir investigadores e académicos de diferentes países para,
dentro de seus estudos, discutirem o impacto das empresas e dos negócios na preservação dos
direitos humanos nas suas diversas vertentes. Impacto que pode gerar consequências graves –
trabalho forçado, discriminação, corrupção, impacto ambiental – ou pode contribuir para uma
maior sustentabilidade a vários níveis.
Além dos deveres dos Estados em proteger e preservar os Direitos Humanos, já
estabelecidos em documentos efetivamente vinculativos, temos outros instrumentos
maioritariamente de soft law, que juntam princípios que sevem ser seguidos tanto pelos Estados
quanto pelas empresas. Neste sentido temos, por exemplo, o UN Global Compact e os UN
Guiding Principles (UNGP) – para além dos fóruns de discussão, como o Forum on Business and
Human Rights.
Não sendo legalmente vinculantes per se, conta-se com a coordenação dos países entre si
e com a implementação de regras nacionais alinhadas a esses valores. Um dos pontos relevantes
de questionamento é, portanto, a forma de implementação adequada a cada nível de gestão
territorial e de empresa – e a questão de muito países ainda não o terem feito com regras
estabelecidas em um documento unitário, como Portugal.
De acordo com os valores e princípios a ser seguidos, os Estados devem estabelecer um
National Action Plan (NAP) para lidar com todos esses pontos; e discute-se até mesmo o alcance
do seu poder para o além-fronteiras: se as empresas não seguirem as diretrizes de proteção dos
direitos humanos, poderão elas implementar suas sedes em um determinado Estado? O Estado
tem poder para controlar tal ponto?
Estas e outras questões são as que surgem dentro dos quatro pilares dos 10 princípios do
UN Global Compact: direitos humanos, trabalho, sustentabilidade e anticorrupção.
Sendo considerada uma área nova do direito, tendo em conta que os UNGP somente
surgiram em 2011, ainda há um longo caminho a se percorrer. E a sua relevância torna-se cada
vez maior, considerando que a situação pandémica mundial muito provavelmente deixa os direitos
humanos em situação mais frágil dando margem a novos e mais abusos.
Dentro das considerações mencionadas, o principal objetivo do simpósio será contribuir
para um novo entendimento da relação entre negócios e Direitos Humanos, dentro da ordem
jurídica internacional. Os participantes poderão apresentar estudos de casos ou novas
panorâmicas, que contribuirão certamente para o desenvolvimento do direito nesta área.
The aim of the symposium is to bring together researchers and academics from different countries to discuss, within their studies, the impact of business and enterprise on the preservation of human rights in its various aspects. Impact that can generate serious consequences - forced labour, discrimination, corruption, environmental impact - or can contribute to greater sustainability at various levels. In addition to the duties of states to protect and preserve Human Rights, already established in effectively binding documents, we have other mostly soft-law instruments, which combine principles to be followed by both states and businesses. In this sense we have, for example, the UN Global Compact and the UN Guiding Principles (UNGP) - in addition to discussion forums such as the Forum on Business and Human Rights. Not being legally binding per se, we rely on the coordination of countries among themselves and the implementation of national rules aligned with these values. One of the relevant points of questioning is, therefore, the form of implementation appropriate to each level of territorial and enterprise management - and the question of many countries not having yet done so with rules established in a unitary document, such as Portugal. According to the values and principles to be followed, states should establish a National Action Plan (NAP) to deal with all these points; and even the scope of their power across borders is discussed: if companies do not follow human rights protection guidelines, can they implement their headquarters in a certain state? Does the state have the power to control this? These and other questions are those that arise within the four pillars of the 10 UN Global Compact principles: human rights, labour, sustainability and anti-corruption. Being considered a new area of law, bearing in mind that the UNGP only emerged in 2011, there is still a long way to go. And its relevance is growing, considering that the global pandemic situation most probably leaves human rights in a more fragile situation, giving rise to new and more abuses. Within these considerations, the main objective of the symposium will be to contribute to a new understanding of the relationship between business and Human Rights, within the international legal order. Participants will be able to present case studies or new panoramas, which will certainly contribute to the development of law in this area.
The aim of the symposium is to bring together researchers and academics from different countries to discuss, within their studies, the impact of business and enterprise on the preservation of human rights in its various aspects. Impact that can generate serious consequences - forced labour, discrimination, corruption, environmental impact - or can contribute to greater sustainability at various levels. In addition to the duties of states to protect and preserve Human Rights, already established in effectively binding documents, we have other mostly soft-law instruments, which combine principles to be followed by both states and businesses. In this sense we have, for example, the UN Global Compact and the UN Guiding Principles (UNGP) - in addition to discussion forums such as the Forum on Business and Human Rights. Not being legally binding per se, we rely on the coordination of countries among themselves and the implementation of national rules aligned with these values. One of the relevant points of questioning is, therefore, the form of implementation appropriate to each level of territorial and enterprise management - and the question of many countries not having yet done so with rules established in a unitary document, such as Portugal. According to the values and principles to be followed, states should establish a National Action Plan (NAP) to deal with all these points; and even the scope of their power across borders is discussed: if companies do not follow human rights protection guidelines, can they implement their headquarters in a certain state? Does the state have the power to control this? These and other questions are those that arise within the four pillars of the 10 UN Global Compact principles: human rights, labour, sustainability and anti-corruption. Being considered a new area of law, bearing in mind that the UNGP only emerged in 2011, there is still a long way to go. And its relevance is growing, considering that the global pandemic situation most probably leaves human rights in a more fragile situation, giving rise to new and more abuses. Within these considerations, the main objective of the symposium will be to contribute to a new understanding of the relationship between business and Human Rights, within the international legal order. Participants will be able to present case studies or new panoramas, which will certainly contribute to the development of law in this area.
Keywords
Direitos Humanos, Empresas, Nações Unidas, Due diligence
Document Type
conferenceObject
Publisher Version
Dataset
Citation
Alves, D. R., & Mello, I. B. (2021). Empresas e Direitos Humanos [abstract]. In F. P. Coutinho, A. P. Brízido, & M. R. Henriques (Orgs.), Atas do I Congresso de Direito Internacional: Sistemas Regionais de Direitos Humanos, Lisboa, 19 e 20 de Julho de 2021 [formato online] (pp. 713-716). Disponível no Repositório UPT, http://hdl.handle.net/11328/3619
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Access Type
Open Access