Acontecimentos de vida significativos na idade avançada: a influência da escrita expressiva no bem-estar
Date
2023-09-07
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Portuguese
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Abstract
A expansão da longevidade trouxe uma perspetiva do desenvolvimento e
envelhecimento humanos como processos correlatos, priorizando a qualidade de vida
e o bem-estar da população sénior. Considerando o impacto da construção de um
novo sentido para os eventos da vida na saúde física e psicológica, o presente estudo
pretendeu investigar a influência da escrita expressiva (Pennebaker, 1997) no
bem-estar de pessoas mais velhas, considerando os acontecimentos da vida,
marcantes na idade mais avançada. Desenvolveu-se um estudo misto, que contou
com 29 participantes, entre os 65 e os 88 anos. Os participantes foram avaliados
através do método da escrita expressiva, em três momentos distintos, bem como pelo
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), o Meaning in Life Questionnaire
(MLQ), pela Escala de Satisfação com a Vida (EScV) e pela Escala de Ansiedade,
Depressão e Stress (EADS-21), antes e depois das sessões de escrita e, novamente,
após quinze dias (follow up) desta intervenção. Os resultados foram interpretados à luz
de análises qualitativas e quantitativas. Os resultados quantitativos não demonstraram
diferenças significativas em termos do impacto da escrita no bem-estar. Todavia, do
ponto de vista qualitativo, foram encontrados conteúdos relativos à saúde/doença,
carreira profissional, rede de apoio familiar e social, projetos para o futuro. Os
feedbacks dos participantes revelaram satisfação, nomeadamente quanto à
oportunidade de, através da escrita, reverem a sua vida e (re)construírem um novo
sentido, tendo em vista as experiências marcantes após os 65 anos.
The expansion of longevity brought a perspective of human development and aging as related processes, prioritizing the quality of life and well-being of the senior population. Considering the impact of building a new meaning for life events on physical and psychological health, the present study intended to investigate the influence of expressive writing (Pennebaker, 1997) on the well-being of older people, considering life events, marked in older age. A mixed study was developed, which had 29 participants, between 65 and 88 years old. Participants were assessed using the expressive writing method, at three different times, as well as the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) and the Scale of Anxiety, Depression and Stress (EADS-21), before and after the writing sessions and, again, after fifteen days (follow up) of this intervention. The results were interpreted in the light of qualitative and quantitative analyses. Quantitative results did not demonstrate significant differences in terms of the impact of writing on well-being. However, from a qualitative point of view, content related to health/disease, professional career, family and social support network, projects for the future were found. The participants' feedback revealed satisfaction, namely regarding the opportunity to, through writing, review their lives and (re)build a new meaning, in view of the remarkable experiences after the age of 65.
The expansion of longevity brought a perspective of human development and aging as related processes, prioritizing the quality of life and well-being of the senior population. Considering the impact of building a new meaning for life events on physical and psychological health, the present study intended to investigate the influence of expressive writing (Pennebaker, 1997) on the well-being of older people, considering life events, marked in older age. A mixed study was developed, which had 29 participants, between 65 and 88 years old. Participants were assessed using the expressive writing method, at three different times, as well as the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) and the Scale of Anxiety, Depression and Stress (EADS-21), before and after the writing sessions and, again, after fifteen days (follow up) of this intervention. The results were interpreted in the light of qualitative and quantitative analyses. Quantitative results did not demonstrate significant differences in terms of the impact of writing on well-being. However, from a qualitative point of view, content related to health/disease, professional career, family and social support network, projects for the future were found. The participants' feedback revealed satisfaction, namely regarding the opportunity to, through writing, review their lives and (re)build a new meaning, in view of the remarkable experiences after the age of 65.
Keywords
Envelhecimento, Acontecimentos de vida, Escrita expressiva, Bem-estar
Document Type
Master thesis
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Citation
Gaspar, F. M. P. (2023). Acontecimentos de vida significativos na idade avançada: a influência da escrita expressiva no bem-estar [Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/5069
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TID
203496329
Designation
Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde
Access Type
Open Access