Desenvolvimento do pensamento matemático através da aprendizagem baseada na resolução de problemas.
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Date
2013
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Coadvisor
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Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
A resolução de problemas tem vindo a ser reconhecida, pelos diferentes
documentos curriculares, como uma atividade relevante no processo de ensino e
aprendizagem da Matemática. A Aprendizagem Baseada na Resolução de Problemas
(ABRP) é um modelo de ensino inovador, que permite aos alunos adquirir conteúdos e
desenvolver o seu pensamento matemático de acordo com as orientações curriculares.
O objetivo principal desta investigação foi planificar a abordagem de alguns
tópicos/subtópicos matemáticos, utilizando um ensino através da ABRP, selecionar e
implementar os materiais necessários para tal e analisar o efeito da aplicação dos
mesmos no desenvolvimento do pensamento matemático em alunos do 3.º Ciclo do
Ensino Básico.
Optamos por uma metodologia qualitativa assente num estudo de caso e
utilizamos como instrumentos de recolha de dados a observação direta, os diários de
aula, questionários de opinião aplicados a alunos e a análise documental dos registos
realizados pelos alunos no decorrer da investigação. O tratamento das narrativas que
constam nos diários de aula e dos registos nas grelhas de observação, foi feito através
da análise de conteúdo.
Após a realização deste estudo consideramos que a busca da estratégia
adequada para resolverem os problemas, o reconhecimento das dificuldades sentidas
e o identificar de eventuais causas, o facto de terem de expor os raciocínios e serem
confrontados durante a fase da discussão, tanto pela professora como pelos colegas,
são experiências que contribuem para o desenvolvimento do pensamento matemático
dos alunos. Apesar de nem sempre conseguirem resolver os problemas propostos
corretamente, a utilização da ABRP proporcionou-lhes o desenvolvimento, de forma
ativa, da capacidade de resolução de problemas em contexto real e no quotidiano. Por
seu lado a professora - investigadora teve a possibilidade de utilizar uma metodologia
inovadora e desempenhar um papel diferente nas aulas de Matemática o que lhe
exigiu uma reflexão profunda a vários níveis, o que contribuiu para o seu
desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional.
Problem solving has been recognized, by various curriculum documents, as an important activity in the teaching and learning of mathematics process. A problem- based learning (pbl) is an innovative model of teaching that allows students to acquire contents and develop their mathematical thinking according to curriculum guidelines. . The main goal of this research was to plan an approach of some mathematical topics / subtopics, using a teaching through pbl, select and implement the necessary materials for it and analyse the effect of applying them in the development of mathematical thinking in students of middle school. We chose a qualitative methodology based on a case study and used as instruments, for collecting, direct observation data, lesson diaries, opinion questionnaires applied to students and documentary analysis of records by the students during the investigation. The treatment of the narratives contained in the lesson diaries and in records the observation grids, was done through content analysis. After this study we believe that the pursuit of appropriate strategy to solve the problems , the recognition of the difficulties encountered and to identify possible causes , the fact of having to expose the reasoning and being confronted during the discussion , both by the teacher and by colleagues , are experiences that contribute to the development of mathematical thinking of students . Although not always get properly solved the proposed problem, the use of pbl provided them with the development, in an active way , of the ability to solve problems in real context and in everyday life. On the other hand the investigator teacher had the possibility of using an innovative methodology and plays a different role in mathematics classes, which demanded a deep reflection, at various levels and contributed to her personal and professional development.
Problem solving has been recognized, by various curriculum documents, as an important activity in the teaching and learning of mathematics process. A problem- based learning (pbl) is an innovative model of teaching that allows students to acquire contents and develop their mathematical thinking according to curriculum guidelines. . The main goal of this research was to plan an approach of some mathematical topics / subtopics, using a teaching through pbl, select and implement the necessary materials for it and analyse the effect of applying them in the development of mathematical thinking in students of middle school. We chose a qualitative methodology based on a case study and used as instruments, for collecting, direct observation data, lesson diaries, opinion questionnaires applied to students and documentary analysis of records by the students during the investigation. The treatment of the narratives contained in the lesson diaries and in records the observation grids, was done through content analysis. After this study we believe that the pursuit of appropriate strategy to solve the problems , the recognition of the difficulties encountered and to identify possible causes , the fact of having to expose the reasoning and being confronted during the discussion , both by the teacher and by colleagues , are experiences that contribute to the development of mathematical thinking of students . Although not always get properly solved the proposed problem, the use of pbl provided them with the development, in an active way , of the ability to solve problems in real context and in everyday life. On the other hand the investigator teacher had the possibility of using an innovative methodology and plays a different role in mathematics classes, which demanded a deep reflection, at various levels and contributed to her personal and professional development.
Keywords
Problema matemático, Resolução de problemas, Aprendizagem Baseada na Resolução de Problemas, Pensamento matemático, Mathematical problems, Problem solving,, Problem-based learning, Mathematical thinking, TME
Document Type
Master thesis
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Dataset
Citation
Carneiro, M.N.L.S. (2013). Desenvolvimento do pensamento matemático através da aprendizagem baseada na resolução de problemas. Dissertação de Mestrado em Supervisão e Coordenação do Ensino..
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TID
201168715
Designation
Mestrado em Supervisão e Coordenação da Educação
Access Type
Open Access
Sponsorship
Description
Orientação: Professora Doutora Jacinta Rosa Moreira.