A hipervulnerabilidade do idoso superendividado na sociedade de consumo à luz do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana
Date
2024-12-06
Embargo
Authors
Advisor
Coadvisor
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Language
Portuguese
Alternative Title
Abstract
A sociedade contemporânea de consumo se caracteriza pela sua permanente
construção, em virtude da complexidade das relações jurídicas. A presunção de
vulnerabilidade dá lugar aos consumidores que a possuem de forma mais agravada,
que são os hipervulneráveis. No presente trabalho, o contexto da vulnerabilidade
abrange o consumidor idoso como vítima do mercado consumerista. O seu objetivo
geral do presente estudo é analisar se os dispositivos legais em vigência no Brasil e em
Portugal asseguram a proteção da pessoa idosa superendividada na sociedade de
consumo, reconhecendo sua condição de hipervulnerabilidade à luz do princípio da
dignidade da pessoa humana. Quanto à metodologia, a pesquisa terá como base o
pluralismo metodológico, por meio do tripé: doutrina, jurisprudência e legislação, cuja
abordagem é a qualitativa. Conclui-se que os deveres de conduta no âmbito no âmbito
do superendividamento, especialmente de pessoas idosas, não têm sido orientados
pela boa-fé. No entanto, é possível concretizar valores socialmente relevantes e
voltados ao bem comum por meio de condutas solidaristas nas relações interprivadas.
Nesse contexto, considerando a cooperação contratual, na qual a informação deve ser
clara, adequada e suficiente, propõe-se a criação de uma política pública legislativa que
fortaleça o Código de Defesa do Consumidor na prevenção e tratamento do
superendividamento. As legislações referentes ao Brasil e Portugal baseiam-se na
necessidade de reforçar a boa-fé nas relações contratuais, especialmente quando
envolvem idosos, que são considerados hipervulneráveis. Para alcançar esse objetivo,
é essencial que as informações fornecidas aos consumidores sejam transparentes,
compreensíveis e adequadas, de modo a permitir que eles tomem decisões informadas
e conscientes. Isso inclui a criação de mecanismos de proteção específicos para esse
grupo vulnerável, como a figura do aconselhador de crédito, que desempenharia um
papel crucial na fase pré-contratual, ajudando os idosos a entenderem os termos do
contrato e evitando o superendividamento.
Contemporary consumer society is characterized by its permanent construction, due to the complexity of legal relationships. The presumption of vulnerability gives rise to consumers who have it in a more aggravated form, who are the hypervulnerable. In the present work, the context of vulnerability covers the elderly consumer as a victim of the consumer market. The general objective of this study is to analyze whether the legal provisions in force in Brazil and Portugal ensure the protection of over-indebted elderly people in the consumer society, recognizing their condition of hypervulnerability in light of the principle of human dignity. As for methodology, the research will be based on methodological pluralism, through the tripod: doctrine, jurisprudence and legislation, whose approach is qualitative. It is concluded that the duties of conduct in the context of over-indebtedness, especially for elderly people, have not been guided by good faith. However, it is possible to implement socially relevant values aimed at the common good through solidary conduct in inter-private relationships. In this context, considering contractual cooperation, in which information must be clear, adequate and sufficient, it is proposed to create a legislative public policy that strengthens the Consumer Protection Code in the prevention and treatment of over-indebtedness. The legislation relating to Brazil and Portugal is based on the need to reinforce good faith in contractual relationships, especially when involving elderly people, who are considered hypervulnerable. To achieve this objective, it is essential that the information provided to consumers is transparent, understandable and adequate, in order to allow them to make informed and conscious decisions. This includes the creation of specific protection mechanisms for this vulnerable group, such as the role of a credit counselor, who would play a crucial role in the pre-contractual phase, helping the elderly to understand the terms of the contract and avoiding over-indebtedness.
Contemporary consumer society is characterized by its permanent construction, due to the complexity of legal relationships. The presumption of vulnerability gives rise to consumers who have it in a more aggravated form, who are the hypervulnerable. In the present work, the context of vulnerability covers the elderly consumer as a victim of the consumer market. The general objective of this study is to analyze whether the legal provisions in force in Brazil and Portugal ensure the protection of over-indebted elderly people in the consumer society, recognizing their condition of hypervulnerability in light of the principle of human dignity. As for methodology, the research will be based on methodological pluralism, through the tripod: doctrine, jurisprudence and legislation, whose approach is qualitative. It is concluded that the duties of conduct in the context of over-indebtedness, especially for elderly people, have not been guided by good faith. However, it is possible to implement socially relevant values aimed at the common good through solidary conduct in inter-private relationships. In this context, considering contractual cooperation, in which information must be clear, adequate and sufficient, it is proposed to create a legislative public policy that strengthens the Consumer Protection Code in the prevention and treatment of over-indebtedness. The legislation relating to Brazil and Portugal is based on the need to reinforce good faith in contractual relationships, especially when involving elderly people, who are considered hypervulnerable. To achieve this objective, it is essential that the information provided to consumers is transparent, understandable and adequate, in order to allow them to make informed and conscious decisions. This includes the creation of specific protection mechanisms for this vulnerable group, such as the role of a credit counselor, who would play a crucial role in the pre-contractual phase, helping the elderly to understand the terms of the contract and avoiding over-indebtedness.
Keywords
Consumidor, Idoso, Hipervulnerabilidade, Superendividamento, Dignidade da pessoa humana
Document Type
Master thesis
Publisher Version
Dataset
Citation
Carcará, M. C. (2024). A hipervulnerabilidade do idoso superendividado na sociedade de consumo à luz do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana [Dissertação de Mestrado em Direito Especialização em Ciências Jurídico-Políticas, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/6041
Identifiers
TID
Designation
Mestrado em Direito Especialização em Ciências Jurídico-Políticas
Access Type
Open Access