Influência da reserva cognitiva nas estratégias de memória em indivíduos com défice cognitivo ligeiro
Date
2022-11-11
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Portuguese
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Abstract
A RC possui um papel protetor no desempenho cognitivo, proporcionando a oportunidade de lidar com maior eficácia as possíveis alterações cognitivas no decorrer da idade. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo principal avaliar o desempenho de indivíduos com Défice Cognitivo Ligeiro (DCL), ao nível das estratégias de memória, tendo em conta a influência da Reserva Cognitiva (RC), sendo esta caraterizada por alta ou baixa. Tratou-se de um estudo empírico, com um desenho transversal quantitativo, de caráter não experimental. A amostra foi constituída por dois grupos, o grupo clínico com 21 participantes com DCL e o grupo controlo com 22 participantes sem défice cognitivo, ambos com idades entre os 60 e os 90 anos. O protocolo de avaliação foi constituído por provas que avaliam a capacidade de memória, atenção, memória de trabalho, memória verbal, flexibilidade cognitiva, estratégias de memória e a RC. Nos resultados obtidos verificou-se a influência da RC no desempenho das tarefas de memória e estratégias de memória, observando-se melhores desempenhos no grupo sem DCL do que no grupo com DCL. O mesmo se aplicou nos indivíduos com RC alta, uma vez que apresentaram melhores resultados nas provas do que aqueles que possuíam uma RC baixa. Concluiu-se que a RC ocupa um papel importante nas tarefas de memória e, por conseguinte, na prevenção ou atraso de possíveis défices cognitivos.
CR has a protective role in cognitive performance, providing the opportunity to deal more effectively with possible cognitive changes with age. So, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of individuals with Mild Cognitive Deficit (MLD), in terms of memory strategies, taking into account the influence of Cognitive Reserve (CR), which is characterized by high or low. It was an empirical study, with a quantitative cross-sectional design, of a non-experimental nature. The sample consisted of two groups, the clinical group with 21 participants with MLD and the control group with 22 participants without cognitive impairment, both aged between 60 and 90 years. The evaluation protocol consisted of tests that assess memory capacity, attention, working memory, verbal memory, cognitive flexibility, memory strategies and CR. In the results obtained the influence of CR on the performance of memory tasks and memory strategies was verified, with better performances being observed in the group without MLD than in the group with MLD. The same applied to individuals with high CR, since they presented better results in the tests than those who had a low CR. It was concluded that CR plays an important role in memory tasks and, therefore, in preventing or delaying possible cognitive deficits.
CR has a protective role in cognitive performance, providing the opportunity to deal more effectively with possible cognitive changes with age. So, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of individuals with Mild Cognitive Deficit (MLD), in terms of memory strategies, taking into account the influence of Cognitive Reserve (CR), which is characterized by high or low. It was an empirical study, with a quantitative cross-sectional design, of a non-experimental nature. The sample consisted of two groups, the clinical group with 21 participants with MLD and the control group with 22 participants without cognitive impairment, both aged between 60 and 90 years. The evaluation protocol consisted of tests that assess memory capacity, attention, working memory, verbal memory, cognitive flexibility, memory strategies and CR. In the results obtained the influence of CR on the performance of memory tasks and memory strategies was verified, with better performances being observed in the group without MLD than in the group with MLD. The same applied to individuals with high CR, since they presented better results in the tests than those who had a low CR. It was concluded that CR plays an important role in memory tasks and, therefore, in preventing or delaying possible cognitive deficits.
Keywords
Défice cognitivo ligeiro, Estratégias de memória, Reserva cognitiva, Flexibilidade cognitiva
Document Type
Master thesis
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Citation
Silva, A. F. R. (2022). Influência da reserva cognitiva nas estratégias de memória em indivíduos com défice cognitivo ligeiro [Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/4538
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TID
203098102
Designation
Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde
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Open Access