As TIC no currículo da escolaridade obrigatória.
Date
2015-10
Embargo
Authors
Advisor
Coadvisor
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidade Portucalense
Language
Portuguese
Alternative Title
Abstract
Considerando que uma percentagem crescente de todos os empregos, hoje, exige competências em TIC, mas que grande parte dos cidadãos (mais de metade na União
Europeia) possui competências informáticas nulas ou reduzidas, particular atenção tem
vindo a ser dada às competências digitais, denominadas de e-skills, sendo amplamente
reconhecido que a evolução e capacidade de competição dos países/economias no séc. XXI,
estão, cada vez mais, dependentes da utilização inovadora e eficiente das TIC.
As atividades relacionadas com políticas de e-skills têm vindo a aumentar nos últimos
anos, notando-se, contudo, que há países que são líderes em políticas de e-skills, realçandose
o Reino-Unido (com um índice de políticas e-skills igual a 5), enquanto outros têm menor
atividade e progresso. Por exemplo, em Portugal não houve evolução do índice de políticas
e-skills de 2009 para 2013, tendo-se mantido num valor, baixo, de 1.5.
Neste contexto, é desejável que os objetivos da escola estejam em consonância com a
evolução e necessidades desta exigente sociedade. Torna-se necessário que a escola adapte
os currículos para que os alunos possam adquirir as competências necessárias para
acompanhar este novo paradigma de sociedade, uma vez que se nota um desfasamento
entre as competências necessárias para a sociedade e as competências adquiridas pelos
alunos.
Para colmatar este desfasamento, vários países têm atualizado os seus currículos,
correspondentes aos níveis do ensino básico e secundário, na área das TIC. No entanto
várias questões se têm levantado sobre que tipo de competências digitais devem os alunos
adquirir na escola, encontrando-se diferentes objetivos nos currículos de diferentes países.
Será que as competências digitais têm apenas a ver com o saber utilizar ferramentas como a
Internet e um processador de texto? Recentemente, tem surgido a ideia de que estas
competências não chegam. Outra questão que se levanta tem a ver com a forma de ensinar
as competências digitais: devem existir disciplinas específicas ou devem as competências ser
introduzidas de forma transversal nas outras disciplinas do currículo?
Este estudo visa contribuir para a discussão da adequação do currículo, nesta área, em
Portugal, através de recomendações sobre que tipo de competências digitais deve um aluno
adquirir na escola, e como as integrar no currículo.
O estudo baseou-se na análise de currículos de outros países que foram selecionados,
ou por ocuparem os lugares cimeiros no ranking da educação, ou por serem casos de sucesso reconhecido, nomeadamente: Inglaterra, Finlândia, Austrália e Estados Unidos da
América.
O estudo das competências desejadas para um aluno no séc. XXI e a análise dos
currículos dos países referidos permitiu concluir que é importante os alunos adquirirem
outras competências para além da mera utilização da tecnologia, sendo mais frequente a
existência de disciplinas específicas para as transmitirem.
Having in mind that nowadays a growing percentage of all the jobs demands skills in the ITC, although the majority of citizens (more than half of the European Union) has very few or null skills in this area, there has been a growing interest in the digital skills, called eskills, being generally accepted that evolution and the ability to compete of the countries/ economies and that the economies of the XXI century are more and more dependent on the new and efficient use of the ITC. The activities linked with e-skills policies have been growing in the last years, and it has become clear, nonetheless, that there are countries that are leaders in the e-skills policies, underlining the UK (with an e-skills policy equal to 5), while others have a lower level of activity and progress. For example, in Portugal there has not been a development in the level of e-skills policies from 2009 to 2013, maintaining a low value of 1.5. In this context, it is fundamental that the aims of the school are consistent with the evolution and the needs of this demanding society. It is necessary for the school to adapt its curricula so that the students may acquire the necessary skills to keep up with this changing paradigm of society, since there is a mismatch between the necessary skills to society and the skills acquired by the students. In order to solve this mismatch, several countries have updated their curricula of the elementary and secondary level in the ICT area. However, several questions have arisen about the digital skills that the students must acquire at school which lead to different aims in the curricula of the different countries. Are the digital skills reduced to the use of tools like the Internet or a word processor? Lately there has emerged the idea that these skills are not enough. Another question has to deal with the way of teaching the digital skills: should there be specific subjects or should the skills be introduced in a cross curricular way in the other subjects? This study aims to contribute to the discussion of the curricula adequacy, in Portugal, through recommendations about the type of digital skills that a student must acquire at school, and how to integrate them in the curriculum. This study was based on the analysis of the curricula of other countries chosen because they occupied the first places in the educational ranking or because they were recognized as successful examples, such as: England, Finland. Australia and the United States of America. The study of the desirable skills for a XXI century student, and the analysis of the curricula of the countries, allowed us to conclude that it is important for the students to acquire other skills besides the simple use of technology, being more frequent the existence of specific subjects that transmit those skills.
Having in mind that nowadays a growing percentage of all the jobs demands skills in the ITC, although the majority of citizens (more than half of the European Union) has very few or null skills in this area, there has been a growing interest in the digital skills, called eskills, being generally accepted that evolution and the ability to compete of the countries/ economies and that the economies of the XXI century are more and more dependent on the new and efficient use of the ITC. The activities linked with e-skills policies have been growing in the last years, and it has become clear, nonetheless, that there are countries that are leaders in the e-skills policies, underlining the UK (with an e-skills policy equal to 5), while others have a lower level of activity and progress. For example, in Portugal there has not been a development in the level of e-skills policies from 2009 to 2013, maintaining a low value of 1.5. In this context, it is fundamental that the aims of the school are consistent with the evolution and the needs of this demanding society. It is necessary for the school to adapt its curricula so that the students may acquire the necessary skills to keep up with this changing paradigm of society, since there is a mismatch between the necessary skills to society and the skills acquired by the students. In order to solve this mismatch, several countries have updated their curricula of the elementary and secondary level in the ICT area. However, several questions have arisen about the digital skills that the students must acquire at school which lead to different aims in the curricula of the different countries. Are the digital skills reduced to the use of tools like the Internet or a word processor? Lately there has emerged the idea that these skills are not enough. Another question has to deal with the way of teaching the digital skills: should there be specific subjects or should the skills be introduced in a cross curricular way in the other subjects? This study aims to contribute to the discussion of the curricula adequacy, in Portugal, through recommendations about the type of digital skills that a student must acquire at school, and how to integrate them in the curriculum. This study was based on the analysis of the curricula of other countries chosen because they occupied the first places in the educational ranking or because they were recognized as successful examples, such as: England, Finland. Australia and the United States of America. The study of the desirable skills for a XXI century student, and the analysis of the curricula of the countries, allowed us to conclude that it is important for the students to acquire other skills besides the simple use of technology, being more frequent the existence of specific subjects that transmit those skills.
Keywords
Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, TIC, Pensamento computacional, Competências para seculo XXI, Competências digitais, Information and Communication Technologies, ICT, Computational thinking, XXI century skills, Digital skills
Document Type
Master thesis
Publisher Version
Dataset
Citation
Rêgo, C. E. (2015). As TIC no currículo da escolaridade obrigatória. (Dissertação de Mestrado), Universidade Portucalense, Portugal. Disponível no Repositório UPT, http://hdl.handle.net/11328/1452.
Identifiers
TID
201024926
Designation
Mestrado
Access Type
Open Access
Sponsorship
Orientação: Prof. Doutora Paula Morais.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em TIC na Educação.