Os impactos da pandemia da covid-19 nos contratos civis-imobiliários e seus efeitos na revisão por alteração das circunstâncias
Date
2023-11-24
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Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
A pandemia de COVID-19 deixou consequências graves em todas as áreas da
vida social. A presente dissertação apresenta uma análise, do ponto de vista do Direito
das obrigações e dos contratos, diante de um acontecimento inesperado e de grande
repercussão, que suscita imediatamente as ideias de caso fortuito, de alteração súbita
das circunstâncias e outras correspondentes figuras jurídicas.
Debate também, a partir de um recorte temático no âmbito do direito contratual imobiliário, os efeitos da pandemia, ou das medidas implementadas com o intuito de
evitar sua expansão, e sua eventual alocação jurídica na situação jurídica do caso
fortuito, além de discutir a utilização das teorias que tratam do desequilíbrio contratual,
com vistas aos princípios da boa-fé e da função social do contrato.
Para tanto, serão abordados os impactos da COVID-19 nas relações civis imobiliárias, através da análise de casos práticos, vislumbrando a aplicação dos
Institutos de direito civil passíveis de utilização neste período de instabilidade para os
fins da revisão, resolução ou manutenção contratual, em razão da alteração das
circunstâncas.
Analisa-se, ainda, as ações afirmativas do Estado, através do Poder Judiciário e
Legislativo, na busca da justiça social e contratual frente a essas alterações de
circunstâncias, em contraponto a uma interferência excessiva que fere princípios como
o da livre negociação entre as partes e o pacta sunt servanda. São abordados também
os avanços deixados pela pandemia para as relações contratuais após sua mitigação.
A metodologia utilizada se baseou na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental,
através da revisão da literatura de publicações entre os anos de 2000 e 2020,
essencialmente, além de estudos de caso afetos ao tema e análise da fundamentação
de decisões judiciais que enfrentaram os temas ora debatidos.
Da análise, conclui-se que os instrumentos oferecidos pelo ordenamento jurídico
tutelam de forma satisfatória os interesses conflitantes das partes, ainda que se exija
uma avaliação casuística da relação contratual, devendo os pleitos revisionais estar
em consonância com os ditames da boa-fé e da função social do contrato.
The COVID-19 pandemic has serious consequences in all areas of social life. This article presents an analysis from the point of view of the law of obligations and contracts, in the face of an unexpected event of great repercussion, which immediately raises the ideas of fortuitous event, sudden change in circumstances and the corresponding legal figures. This article discusses, from a thematic perspective within the scope of contractual-real estate law, the effects of the pandemic or the measures implemented in order to prevent its expansion, and its possible legal allocation in the requirements of the fortuitous event, and discusses the use theories that deal with contractual imbalance, with a view to the principles of contractual good faith and the social function of the contract. To this end, the impacts of COVID-19 on real estate relations will be addressed, through the analysis of practical cases, envisioning the application of civil law institutes that can be used in the pandemic for the purposes of review, resolution or contractual maintenance. It also analyzes the affirmative actions of the State, through the Judiciary and Legislature, in the search for social and contractual justice when these changes in circumstances, in contrast to excessive interference that violates principles such as free negotiation between the parties and the pact sunt servanda. The advances left by the pandemic for contractual relations are also addressed. The methodology used was based on bibliographical and documental research, through the literature review of publications between the years 2000 and 2020, essentially, in addition to case studies related to the theme and analysis of the grounds of judicial decisions that faced the themes now being debated. From the analysis, it is concluded that the instruments offered by the legal system satisfactorily protect the conflicting interests of the parties, even if a case-by case assessment of the contractual relationship is required, and the revision claims must be in line with the dictates of good -faith and the social function of the contract.
The COVID-19 pandemic has serious consequences in all areas of social life. This article presents an analysis from the point of view of the law of obligations and contracts, in the face of an unexpected event of great repercussion, which immediately raises the ideas of fortuitous event, sudden change in circumstances and the corresponding legal figures. This article discusses, from a thematic perspective within the scope of contractual-real estate law, the effects of the pandemic or the measures implemented in order to prevent its expansion, and its possible legal allocation in the requirements of the fortuitous event, and discusses the use theories that deal with contractual imbalance, with a view to the principles of contractual good faith and the social function of the contract. To this end, the impacts of COVID-19 on real estate relations will be addressed, through the analysis of practical cases, envisioning the application of civil law institutes that can be used in the pandemic for the purposes of review, resolution or contractual maintenance. It also analyzes the affirmative actions of the State, through the Judiciary and Legislature, in the search for social and contractual justice when these changes in circumstances, in contrast to excessive interference that violates principles such as free negotiation between the parties and the pact sunt servanda. The advances left by the pandemic for contractual relations are also addressed. The methodology used was based on bibliographical and documental research, through the literature review of publications between the years 2000 and 2020, essentially, in addition to case studies related to the theme and analysis of the grounds of judicial decisions that faced the themes now being debated. From the analysis, it is concluded that the instruments offered by the legal system satisfactorily protect the conflicting interests of the parties, even if a case-by case assessment of the contractual relationship is required, and the revision claims must be in line with the dictates of good -faith and the social function of the contract.
Keywords
Covid-19, Pandemia, Contratos imobiliários, Desequilíbrio superveniente, Alteração das circusntâncias, Limites para revisão
Document Type
Master thesis
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Citation
Barbosa, I. E. (2023). Os impactos da pandemia da covid-19 nos contratos civis-imobiliários e seus efeitos na revisão por alteração das circunstâncias [Dissertação de Mestrado em Direito Especialização em Ciências Jurídico-Políticas, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/5231
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Mestrado em Direito Especialização em Ciências Jurídico-Políticas
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Open Access