Justiça penal negocial: perspetivas e avanços dos espaços de consenso no Brasil e em Portugal
Date
2024-09-20
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Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
Pretende-se examinar a trajetória do Processo Penal e da Justiça Consensual,
com foco no contexto e nos desafios relacionados à implementação dos mecanismos
de negociação. O objetivo é analisar criticamente a compatibilidade desses institutos
negociais com as regras de direito penal e processual penal clássicas, bem como o
potencial que esses mecanismos de barganha têm para aprimorar o sistema de justiça
criminal. A ideia é explorar, no primeiro capítulo, a evolução do poder punitivo do Estado,
a necessidade de punição por meio do processo penal, os sistemas processuais penais,
os princípios que devem ser respeitados ao longo do processo para, após, comentarmos
sobre a crise do sistema judiciário, o paradigma do encarceramento em massa, o
espectro da violência e a ineficácia das abordagens antigarantistas, e como tais aspetos
influenciaram a implementação de mecanismos de consenso no âmbito criminal.
Abordaremos e problematizaremos também como essa estrutura de negociação pode
ser inserida dentro de um ordenamento jurídico no qual se deve observar o princípio da
obrigatoriedade/legalidade. Expondo de que forma a justiça penal negocial pode ser
adequada aos conceitos de legalidade, oportunidade e consenso no âmbito dos
procedimentos criminais, e como pode ser compatibilizada com os princípios
subjacentes à justiça negociada, incluindo ampla defesa, contraditório, presunção de
inocência e proteção contra autoincriminação. Pretende-se oferecer uma análise
abrangente da justiça consensual, apresentando modelos internacionais e, mais
detalhadamente, sua implementação no Brasil e em Portugal, contribuindo para o
debate sobre as vantagens e desvantagens da justiça consensual, em especial quanto
à necessidade de participação efetiva do defensor do acusado/arguido na negociação
dos acordos, propondo medidas para o aprimoramento da atuação dos defensores,
sejam eles públicos ou privados.
The current paper aims to investigate the trajectory of Criminal Procedure and Consensual Justice, focusing on the context and challenges related to the implementation of negotiation mechanisms. The aim is to critically analyze the compatibility of these negotiation institutes with the classic rules of criminal law and criminal procedure, as well as the potential of these bargaining mechanisms to improve the criminal justice system. The idea is to explore, in the first chapter, the evolution of the state's punitive power, the need for punishment through criminal proceedings, criminal procedural systems, the principles that must be respected throughout the process, and then comment on the crisis in the justice system and the cultural paradigm of mass incarceration, the specter of violence and the effectiveness of anti-guarantee approaches, and how these aspects have influenced the implementation of consensus mechanisms. We will also address and problematize how this structure can be inserted within a legal system in which the principle of legality must be observed. We will explain how negotiated criminal justice can be adapted to the concepts of legality, timeliness, and consensus in the context of criminal proceedings, and how it can be made compatible with the principles underlying negotiated justice, including ample defense, adversarial proceedings, the presumption of innocence and protection against self incrimination. The aim is to offer a comprehensive analysis of consensual justice, presenting international models and, in more detail, its implementation in Brazil and Portugal, contributing to the debate on the advantages and disadvantages of consensual justice, especially with regard to the need for effective participation by the defender of the accused/defendant in the negotiation of agreements, and proposing measures to improve it.
The current paper aims to investigate the trajectory of Criminal Procedure and Consensual Justice, focusing on the context and challenges related to the implementation of negotiation mechanisms. The aim is to critically analyze the compatibility of these negotiation institutes with the classic rules of criminal law and criminal procedure, as well as the potential of these bargaining mechanisms to improve the criminal justice system. The idea is to explore, in the first chapter, the evolution of the state's punitive power, the need for punishment through criminal proceedings, criminal procedural systems, the principles that must be respected throughout the process, and then comment on the crisis in the justice system and the cultural paradigm of mass incarceration, the specter of violence and the effectiveness of anti-guarantee approaches, and how these aspects have influenced the implementation of consensus mechanisms. We will also address and problematize how this structure can be inserted within a legal system in which the principle of legality must be observed. We will explain how negotiated criminal justice can be adapted to the concepts of legality, timeliness, and consensus in the context of criminal proceedings, and how it can be made compatible with the principles underlying negotiated justice, including ample defense, adversarial proceedings, the presumption of innocence and protection against self incrimination. The aim is to offer a comprehensive analysis of consensual justice, presenting international models and, in more detail, its implementation in Brazil and Portugal, contributing to the debate on the advantages and disadvantages of consensual justice, especially with regard to the need for effective participation by the defender of the accused/defendant in the negotiation of agreements, and proposing measures to improve it.
Keywords
Justiça penal consensual, Garantias fundamentais do processo penal, Princípio da oportunidade, Papel da defesa do acusado, Estratégias negociais
Document Type
Master thesis
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Citation
Lima, C. S. (2024). Justiça penal negocial: perspetivas e avanços dos espaços de consenso no Brasil e em Portugal [Dissertação de Mestrado em Direito Especialização em Ciências Jurídico-Políticas, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/5945
Identifiers
TID
203728351
Designation
Mestrado em Direito Especialização em Ciências Jurídico-Políticas
Access Type
Open Access