Dificuldades de leitura e escrita e estratégias didáticas diferenciadas: Estudo de caso na Escola Primária da Damba Maria, Benguela.
Date
2018-03
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Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
A aprendizagem da leitura e escrita pelas crianças é um dos principais
objetivos das escolas do ensino primário. A nossa prática docente tem mostrado que existem muitas dificuldades de aprendizagem da leitura e escrita nos alunos do ensino primário desde a 1ª à 4ª classe. Perceber as razões que estão na base das dificuldades de aprendizagem da leitura e escrita e contribuir para a resolução, propondo estratégias
didáticas que facilitam a aprendizagem da leitura e escrita é o propósito desta
investigação. Para tal optamos pela metodologia essencialmente qualitativa, realizando
um estudo de caso na Escola Primária, Iº e IIº Ciclo, do Ensino Secundário, da Damba
Maria 1064, do Município de Benguela, em Angola. As informações foram recolhidas
numa amostra de 122 sujeitos, através de questionários, entrevistas e observação direta.
Os resultados mostram que o fraco domínio pedagógico e metodológico dos
professores, a fraca preparação dos alunos nas classes anteriores, a falta de
acompanhamento de alguns pais ou encarregados de educação aos filhos, as condições
técnicas/materiais das salas de aulas inadequadas que implicam uma postura corporal
incorreta, interferindo assim na leitura e na escrita (leitura incorreta e letra inelegível),
são alguns dos fatores que estão na base das dificuldades de aprendizagem da leitura e
da escrita dos alunos, o que tem contribuído para um processo de ensino-aprendizagem
deficiente. Assim, recomendamos que a direção da escola desenvolva iniciativas de
promoção da literacia e de capacitação pedagógico-metodológica através de seminários
ou encontros dedicados à aprendizagem da Língua Portuguesa, envolvendo professores,
pais e encarregados de educação. No que respeita aos professores, seria essencial que
implementassem estratégias de diagnóstico e intervenção precoce de dificuldades de
leitura e escrita a fim de responderem com ações didáticas diferenciadas e adequadas.
Learning to read and write by children is one of the main objectives of primary schools. Our teaching practice has shown that there are many difficulties in reading and writing in primary school students from 1st to 4th grade. Understanding the reasons underlying the difficulties of learning to read and writing, and contributing to their resolution proposing teaching strategies that facilitate the learning process of reading and writing is the main purpose of this research. To that end, we opted for an essentially qualitative methodology, conducting a case study in Primary School, 1st and 2nd Cycle, Secondary Education, Damba Maria 1064, Benguela Municipality, in Angola. The information was collected in a sample of 122 subjects through questionnaires, interviews and observation. The results show that teachers' weak pedagogical and methodological training, the poor preparation of students in previous classes, the lack of accompaniment of some parents or caregivers to their children, the technical/material conditions of the school (namely inadequate classrooms' that entail incorrect bodily posture, which decreases the quality of reading and produces ineligible letter) are some of the factors that are the basis of the learning difficulties in reading and writing of the students, which has contributed to an unsuccessful process of teaching and learning. Thus, we recommend that school management develop initiatives to promote literacy, and enhance pedagogical and methodological capabilities through seminars or meetings with teachers and parents devoted to Portuguese Language. As for teachers, it is essential that they adopt early diagnostic and intervention strategies for learning difficulties in reading and writing in order to implement differentiated teaching actions.
Learning to read and write by children is one of the main objectives of primary schools. Our teaching practice has shown that there are many difficulties in reading and writing in primary school students from 1st to 4th grade. Understanding the reasons underlying the difficulties of learning to read and writing, and contributing to their resolution proposing teaching strategies that facilitate the learning process of reading and writing is the main purpose of this research. To that end, we opted for an essentially qualitative methodology, conducting a case study in Primary School, 1st and 2nd Cycle, Secondary Education, Damba Maria 1064, Benguela Municipality, in Angola. The information was collected in a sample of 122 subjects through questionnaires, interviews and observation. The results show that teachers' weak pedagogical and methodological training, the poor preparation of students in previous classes, the lack of accompaniment of some parents or caregivers to their children, the technical/material conditions of the school (namely inadequate classrooms' that entail incorrect bodily posture, which decreases the quality of reading and produces ineligible letter) are some of the factors that are the basis of the learning difficulties in reading and writing of the students, which has contributed to an unsuccessful process of teaching and learning. Thus, we recommend that school management develop initiatives to promote literacy, and enhance pedagogical and methodological capabilities through seminars or meetings with teachers and parents devoted to Portuguese Language. As for teachers, it is essential that they adopt early diagnostic and intervention strategies for learning difficulties in reading and writing in order to implement differentiated teaching actions.
Keywords
Aprendizagem da leitura, Didática da Língua Portuguesa, Dificuldades de aprendizagem, Aprendizagem da escrita, Learning to Write, Teaching Portuguese Language, Learning difficulties, Learning to read
Document Type
Master thesis
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Citation
Bastos, S. F. (2018). Dificuldades de leitura e escrita e estratégias didáticas diferenciadas: Estudo de caso na Escola Primária da Damba Maria, Benguela. (Dissertação de Mestrado), Universidade Portucalense, Portugal. Disponível no Repositório UPT, http://hdl.handle.net/11328/2139
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201882825
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Open Access