O conflito Israelo-Árabe no século XX
Date
2024-07-12
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Portuguese
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Abstract
O presente trabalho assenta na sistematização científica de uma das mais
complexas problemáticas em Relações Internacionais : o conflito israelo-árabe.
Atendendo à amplitude da temática, a dissertação concentra-se nos principais eventos
ocorridos no século XX, procurando contextualizar e descrever as origens das partes
em confronto: por um lado, os judeus e o Sionismo, com a respectiva estrutura política;
por outro, o Islão com a mensagem que pretende transmitir, desde o seu aparecimento
até à actualidade.
Adicionalmente, exploram-se as concepções existentes sobre o fenómeno da
guerra, os interesses que gravitam em redor dela e os diferentes tipos que a mesma já
assumiu, ou pode vir a assumir, incluindo a análise do conceito de conflitualidade
permanente – onde se encaixa na perfeição o conflito em estudo – visto sobre as
várias perspectivas que aquele pode assumir, concretamente sob o ponto de vista
territorial, social e cultural.
Dentro da mesma conflitualidade permanente, será analisado o recurso à
violência, pelo seu impacto na questão em presença e a sua consideração desde a
criação do Estado de Israel até ao final do século XX, dividindo este campo temporal
em dois períodos : no primeiro, incluem-se as várias Guerras Israelo-Árabes ocorridas
e estende-se, por isso, até meados da década de 70 ; o segundo, que analisa os
acontecimentos ocorridos até ao final do século, é marcado pelo reconhecimento
internacional da OLP – Organização para a Libertação da Palestina, facto esse que, só
por si, não fez diminuir a conflitualidade permanente na região, com permanentes e
graves atentados aos Direitos Humanos, com particular destaque, ainda que não em
exclusividade, aos perpetrados pelo regime sionista de Israel, através das suas
organizações militares, para-militares ou de inteligência.
Por fim, a dissertação convergirá numa reflexão final que inclui a ponderação
de algumas soluções para ambos os contendores, sendo certo que, hoje, a solução
dificilmente poderá passar pela hipótese preconizada pelas Nações Unidas, no início
do conflito.
This work is based on the scientific systematization of one of the most complex problems in International Relations: the Israeli-Arab conflict. Given the breadth of the theme, the dissertation focuses on the main events that occurred in the 20th century, seeking to contextualize and describe the origins of the parties in confrontation: on the one hand, the Jews and Zionism, with their respective political structure; on the other, Islam with the message it intends to convey, from its appearance to the present day. Additionally, existing conceptions about the phenomenon of war are explored, the interests that gravitate around it and the different types that it has already assumed, or may come to assume, including the analysis of the concept of permanent conflict – where it fits into the perfection of the conflict under study – seen from the various perspectives it can take, specifically from a territorial, social and cultural point of view. Within the same permanent conflict, the use of violence will be analyzed, due to its impact on the issue at hand and its consideration from the creation of the State of Israel until the end of the 20th century, dividing this temporal field into two periods: in the first, they include the various Israeli-Arab Wars that took place and therefore lasted until the mid-1970s; the second, which analyzes the events that occurred until the end of the century, is marked by the international recognition of PLO – Palestine Liberation Organization, a fact that, alone, did not reduce the permanent conflict in the region, with permanent and serious attacks on Human Rights, with particular emphasis, even though not exclusively, to those perpetrated by the Zionist regime of Israel, through its military, para-military or intelligence organizations. Finally, the dissertation will converge in a final reflection that includes the consideration of some solutions for both contenders, given that, today, the solution will hardly be able to go through the hypothesis recommended by the United Nations, at the beginning of the conflict.
This work is based on the scientific systematization of one of the most complex problems in International Relations: the Israeli-Arab conflict. Given the breadth of the theme, the dissertation focuses on the main events that occurred in the 20th century, seeking to contextualize and describe the origins of the parties in confrontation: on the one hand, the Jews and Zionism, with their respective political structure; on the other, Islam with the message it intends to convey, from its appearance to the present day. Additionally, existing conceptions about the phenomenon of war are explored, the interests that gravitate around it and the different types that it has already assumed, or may come to assume, including the analysis of the concept of permanent conflict – where it fits into the perfection of the conflict under study – seen from the various perspectives it can take, specifically from a territorial, social and cultural point of view. Within the same permanent conflict, the use of violence will be analyzed, due to its impact on the issue at hand and its consideration from the creation of the State of Israel until the end of the 20th century, dividing this temporal field into two periods: in the first, they include the various Israeli-Arab Wars that took place and therefore lasted until the mid-1970s; the second, which analyzes the events that occurred until the end of the century, is marked by the international recognition of PLO – Palestine Liberation Organization, a fact that, alone, did not reduce the permanent conflict in the region, with permanent and serious attacks on Human Rights, with particular emphasis, even though not exclusively, to those perpetrated by the Zionist regime of Israel, through its military, para-military or intelligence organizations. Finally, the dissertation will converge in a final reflection that includes the consideration of some solutions for both contenders, given that, today, the solution will hardly be able to go through the hypothesis recommended by the United Nations, at the beginning of the conflict.
Keywords
Judaísmo, Islamismo, Organização das Nações Unidas, Israel, Palestina
Document Type
Master thesis
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Dataset
Citation
Neves, J. A. C. (2024). O conflito Israelo-Árabe no século XX [Dissertação de Mestrado em Relações Internacionais Especialização em Diplomacia Política, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/5771
Identifiers
TID
203661303
Designation
Mestrado em Relações Internacionais Especialização em Diplomacia Política
Access Type
Restricted Access