Sobre a admissibilidade dos métodos ocultos de investigação criminal: O caso particular do GPS enquanto meio de obtenção de prova
Date
2021-05-28
Embargo
Authors
Advisor
Coadvisor
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Language
Portuguese
Alternative Title
Abstract
O aumento de fenómenos criminológicos mais complexos e organizados,
assentes num fulgurante desenvolvimento tecnológico, funda a necessidade de
colocar à disposição dos investigadores soluções distintas das convencionais
que permitam, por um lado, proteger os direitos fundamentais dos cidadãos e,
por outro lado, diminuir a desvantagem e insuficiência face aos agentes do crime.
A resposta a esta criminalidade mais grave e oculta justifica o recurso a
métodos ocultos de investigação, que deverão ser usados com parcimónia, pois
os mesmos configuram formas de invasão da esfera jurídica do investigado de
danosidade qualificada.
Entre estes métodos, a maior parte deles com consagração legal
expressa, surge a geolocalização, que oferece a possibilidade de obtenção de
dados de localização por meio de sistema GPS, o que confere aos
investigadores a possibilidade e a capacidade de saber, em tempo real e a todo
o tempo, a exacta localização de um determinado indivíduo, mas também de
obter uma quantidade enorme de informação sobre o mesmo, a maior parte dela
de natureza pessoal e privada.
A possibilidade de recurso a este método oculto de obtenção de prova é
alvo de diferentes entendimentos doutrinais e jurisprudenciais nessa matéria,
pelo que importa tomar posição sobre esse dissídio, carreando novos
argumentos que compatibilizem a necessidade de perseguição dos fenómenos
criminais com a tutela dos direitos, liberdades e garantias dos cidadãos, em
busca de uma solução constitucionalmente admissível que concilie estas duas
forças em confronto.
The increase in more complex and organized criminological phenomena, based on an astounding technological development, stablishes the need to make available to criminal investigators solutions different from conventional ones that allow, on the one hand, to protect the fundamental rights of citizens and, on the other hand, to reduce the disadvantage and insufficiency vis-à-vis crime agents. The answer to this more serious and hidden crime justifies the use of hidden investigation methods, which should be used sparingly, as they constitute forms of invasion of the legal sphere of qualified damage of the person being investigated. Among these methods, most of them with express legal consecration, there is the method of geolocation, which offers the possibility of obtaining location data through a GPS system, which gives criminal investigators the possibility and the ability to know, in real time and at all times, the exact location of a particular individual, but also to obtain an enormous amount of information, most of it of a personal and private nature, about this particular individual. The possibility of using this hidden method of obtaining evidence is the subject of different doctrinal and jurisprudential understandings, which is why it is important to take a position on this matter, bringing upfront new arguments that make the need to prosecute criminal phenomena compatible with the protection of rights, freedoms and guarantees of citizens, in search of a constitutionally admissible solution that reconciles these two forces in confrontation.
The increase in more complex and organized criminological phenomena, based on an astounding technological development, stablishes the need to make available to criminal investigators solutions different from conventional ones that allow, on the one hand, to protect the fundamental rights of citizens and, on the other hand, to reduce the disadvantage and insufficiency vis-à-vis crime agents. The answer to this more serious and hidden crime justifies the use of hidden investigation methods, which should be used sparingly, as they constitute forms of invasion of the legal sphere of qualified damage of the person being investigated. Among these methods, most of them with express legal consecration, there is the method of geolocation, which offers the possibility of obtaining location data through a GPS system, which gives criminal investigators the possibility and the ability to know, in real time and at all times, the exact location of a particular individual, but also to obtain an enormous amount of information, most of it of a personal and private nature, about this particular individual. The possibility of using this hidden method of obtaining evidence is the subject of different doctrinal and jurisprudential understandings, which is why it is important to take a position on this matter, bringing upfront new arguments that make the need to prosecute criminal phenomena compatible with the protection of rights, freedoms and guarantees of citizens, in search of a constitutionally admissible solution that reconciles these two forces in confrontation.
Keywords
Meios de obtenção de prova, Meios de prova, Proibições de prova, Métodos ocultos, GPS, Global positioning system, Geolocalização
Document Type
Master thesis
Publisher Version
Dataset
Citation
Castro, B. A. P. (2021). Sobre a admissibilidade dos métodos ocultos de investigação criminal: O caso particular do GPS enquanto meio de obtenção de prova. (Dissertação de Mestrado), Universidade Portucalense, Portugal. Disponível no Repositório UPT, http://hdl.handle.net/11328/3525
Identifiers
TID
202737845
Designation
Mestrado, Especialização em Ciências Jurídico-Processuais
Access Type
Restricted Access