Atitudes individuais perante a competição: Efeito diferencial na saúde física e mental dos estudantes do ensino superior
Date
2021-02-03
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Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
A investigação tem demonstrado que o Ensino Superior é um contexto onde
existe um largo número de fatores que influenciam a saúde e o bem-estar dos
estudantes. A competição tem sido cada vez mais investigada como um fator presente
no ambiente académico e é descrita na literatura como um preditor de saúde e bemestar, sobretudo negativo. O presente estudo procurou estudar fatores associados às
diferentes atitudes individuais de competição. De forma particular, procurou analisar a
associação entre as atitudes individuais perante a competição e o sexo, área de
estudo, tipo de instituição de ensino e perceção de clima de competição. Do mesmo
modo, pretendeu compreender se diferentes atitudes individuais perante a competição
têm efeitos distintos na saúde física e mental dos estudantes do Ensino Superior.
Participaram neste estudo 167 estudantes de diferentes Instituições de Ensino
Superior Portuguesas, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 63 anos (M =
21.95, DP = 6.53), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (79.0%). Foram utilizados três
instrumentos de autorrelato: o Questionário de Informações Sociodemográficas e
Académicas; o Inventário Multidimensional de Atitudes de Competição (IMAC); o
Questionário de Estado de Saúde (SF-36V2). Verificou-se uma associação entre as
atitudes de competição e o sexo, o tipo de instituição de ensino e a perceção de clima
de competição. Mais ainda, observou-se que as atitudes de competição são preditores
significativos de várias dimensões de saúde física e mental. Face aos resultados
obtidos, são oferecidas algumas pistas para identificar indivíduos em risco e reflexões
para uma modificação das atitudes dos estudantes perante a competição.
Research has shown that Higher Education is a context where there are a large number of factors that influence the health and well-being of students. The competition has been increasingly investigated as a factor present in the academic environment and is described in the literature as a predictor of health and well-being, especially negative. The present study searched to study associated factors at different individual attitudes of competition. In a particular way, was analyzed the association between individual attitudes towards competition and sex, area of study, type of educational institution and perception of a competitive climate. In the same way, intended to understand if different individual attitudes towards competition have different effects on the physical and mental health of students in higher education. 167 students from different Portuguese Higher Education Institutions participated in this study, aged between 18 and 63 years old (M = 21.95, SD = 6.53), the majority being female (79.0%). Three self-report instruments were used: the Sociodemographic and Academic Information Questionnaire; the Multidimensional Inventory of Competition Attitudes (IMAC); the MOS Short Form Health Survey 36 Item v2 (SF-36V2). It was found an association between competition attitudes and sex, type of educational institution and the perception of a competitive climate. Even more, it was observed that competitive attitudes are significant predictors of several dimensions of physical and mental health. In view of the results, some clues are offered to identify individuals at risk and reflections for changing students' attitudes towards competition.
Research has shown that Higher Education is a context where there are a large number of factors that influence the health and well-being of students. The competition has been increasingly investigated as a factor present in the academic environment and is described in the literature as a predictor of health and well-being, especially negative. The present study searched to study associated factors at different individual attitudes of competition. In a particular way, was analyzed the association between individual attitudes towards competition and sex, area of study, type of educational institution and perception of a competitive climate. In the same way, intended to understand if different individual attitudes towards competition have different effects on the physical and mental health of students in higher education. 167 students from different Portuguese Higher Education Institutions participated in this study, aged between 18 and 63 years old (M = 21.95, SD = 6.53), the majority being female (79.0%). Three self-report instruments were used: the Sociodemographic and Academic Information Questionnaire; the Multidimensional Inventory of Competition Attitudes (IMAC); the MOS Short Form Health Survey 36 Item v2 (SF-36V2). It was found an association between competition attitudes and sex, type of educational institution and the perception of a competitive climate. Even more, it was observed that competitive attitudes are significant predictors of several dimensions of physical and mental health. In view of the results, some clues are offered to identify individuals at risk and reflections for changing students' attitudes towards competition.
Keywords
Ensino Superior, Competição, Saúde mental, Saúde física
Document Type
Master thesis
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Citation
Campos, J. F. D. (2021). Atitudes individuais perante a competição: Efeito diferencial na saúde física e mental dos estudantes do ensino superior. (Dissertação de Mestrado), Universidade Portucalense, Portugal. Disponível no repositório UPT, http://hdl.handle.net/11328/3365
Identifiers
TID
202638030
Designation
Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde
Access Type
Restricted Access