Os desafios da democracia em face da revolução 4.0
Date
2022-01-20
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Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
As inovações tecnológicas trazidas pela Revolução 4.0 estão modificando a forma
como as pessoas interagem, seja na esfera familiar, na esfera laboral ou no âmbito do
consumo. No contexto em que essa pesquisa foi elaborada, o mundo vivenciava
grandes acontecimentos que estampam, para quem ainda não acreditava, a presença
da Revolução sob comento. A pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus trouxe
mudanças globais significativas: a rotina profissional, antes presencial, passou a
contar com um maior uso de tecnologias, para evitar a paralisação das atividades, ao
mesmo tempo que as vidas dos colaboradores pudessem ser preservadas. A robótica
invadiu os hospitais a fim de reduzir, tanto quanto possível, o tempo de exposição dos
médicos e das equipes de enfermagem a pacientes enfermos. Como exemplo, podese
citar robôs que promoveram aferição de temperatura e de pressão arterial dos
pacientes, coleta de lixo, entrega de alimentação e envio de informações para os
médicos, de forma que estes e suas equipes apenas tivessem contato com os
pacientes quando necessário. Ou seja, as tecnologias trazidas pela Revolução 4.0
deixaram há muito os limites das indústrias, estando latente seu uso no dia a dia das
pessoas. Considerando a contextualização supra, o objetivo central deste estudo foi
verificar e descrever alguns dos desafios que a democracia enfrenta no atual cenário
de Quarta Revolução Industrial, bem como se tais desafios são causados por ausência
de legislação atualizada e/ou específica para as questões que a contemporaneidade
impõe. Para desenvolver este trabalho, utilizou-se suporte teórico e legal,
fundamentalmente doutrinas na área de democracia, tecnologia e História, além de
documentos legais atuais. Constituíram o corpus desta pesquisa a observação da
relação da democracia ante os contextos das Revoluções Industriais pretéritas e
diante da Revolução atual; os desafios democráticos diante de cada um dos
mencionados contextos; e a verificação de ausência de legislação específica para as
situações desafiadoras escolhidas. Concluiu-se que, mesmo diante de uma situação
de lacuna legislativa ante o cenário atual, esta não é a causadora, ao menos não a
principal, dos desafios que se propõe estudar, considerando que, com amparo na
legislação da República Portuguesa, há leis que possam ser aplicadas, com as
técnicas de interpretação e hermenêutica jurídica, para as situações concretas,
enquanto não sobrevém legislação específica para tais situações. Quanto à
metodologia empregada, trata-se de uma pesquisa teórica, considerando o uso de
doutrinas e legislação, revelando-se, ainda, tocante às bases e aos procedimentos
teóricos adotados de pesquisa bibliográfica.
Technological innovations brought about by Revolution 4.0 are changing the way people interact, whether in the family sphere, in the labor sphere or in the sphere of consumption. In the context in which this research was carried out, the world was experiencing great events that show, for those who still did not believe, the presence of the Revolution under discussion. The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus has brought significant global changes: the professional routine, which used to be in person, now has a greater use of technologies, to avoid the stoppage of activities, while the lives of employees could be preserved. Robotics invaded hospitals to reduce, as much as possible, the exposure time of doctors and nursing staff to sick patients. As an example, there are robots that performed temperature and blood pressure measurement of patients, garbage collection, food delivery and sending information to doctors, so that doctors and their teams only had contact with patients when necessary. In other words, the technologies brought about by Revolution 4.0 have long since left the limits of industries, and their use in people's daily lives is latent. Considering the above context, the main objective of this study was to verify and describe some of the challenges that democracy faces in the current scenario of the Forth Industrial Revolution, as well as whether such challenges are caused by the absence of updated and/or specific legislation for the issues that contemporaneity imposes. To develop this work, theoretical and legal support was used, fundamentally doctrines in democracy, technology and history, in addition to current legal documents. The corpus of this research consisted of the observation of the relationship between democracy in the context of past Industrial Revolutions and in the face of the current Revolution; the democratic challenges facing each of the aforementioned contexts; and verification of the absence of specific legislation for the chosen challenging situations. It was concluded that, even when there is legislative gap in the current scenario, this is not the cause, at least not the main one, of the challenges that it proposes to study, considering that, supported by the legislation of the Portuguese Republic, there are law that it can be applied, with the techniques of interpretation and legal hermeneutics, to concrete situations, while no specific legislation exists for such situations. As for the methodology used, it is theoretical research, considering the use of doctrines and legislation, revealing itself, also, concerning the theoretical bases and procedures adopted from bibliographical research.
Technological innovations brought about by Revolution 4.0 are changing the way people interact, whether in the family sphere, in the labor sphere or in the sphere of consumption. In the context in which this research was carried out, the world was experiencing great events that show, for those who still did not believe, the presence of the Revolution under discussion. The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus has brought significant global changes: the professional routine, which used to be in person, now has a greater use of technologies, to avoid the stoppage of activities, while the lives of employees could be preserved. Robotics invaded hospitals to reduce, as much as possible, the exposure time of doctors and nursing staff to sick patients. As an example, there are robots that performed temperature and blood pressure measurement of patients, garbage collection, food delivery and sending information to doctors, so that doctors and their teams only had contact with patients when necessary. In other words, the technologies brought about by Revolution 4.0 have long since left the limits of industries, and their use in people's daily lives is latent. Considering the above context, the main objective of this study was to verify and describe some of the challenges that democracy faces in the current scenario of the Forth Industrial Revolution, as well as whether such challenges are caused by the absence of updated and/or specific legislation for the issues that contemporaneity imposes. To develop this work, theoretical and legal support was used, fundamentally doctrines in democracy, technology and history, in addition to current legal documents. The corpus of this research consisted of the observation of the relationship between democracy in the context of past Industrial Revolutions and in the face of the current Revolution; the democratic challenges facing each of the aforementioned contexts; and verification of the absence of specific legislation for the chosen challenging situations. It was concluded that, even when there is legislative gap in the current scenario, this is not the cause, at least not the main one, of the challenges that it proposes to study, considering that, supported by the legislation of the Portuguese Republic, there are law that it can be applied, with the techniques of interpretation and legal hermeneutics, to concrete situations, while no specific legislation exists for such situations. As for the methodology used, it is theoretical research, considering the use of doctrines and legislation, revealing itself, also, concerning the theoretical bases and procedures adopted from bibliographical research.
Keywords
Revolução industrial, Revolução 4.0, Democracia, Democracia participativa, Democracia representativa
Document Type
Master thesis
Publisher Version
Dataset
Citation
Stoffel, A. C. A. (2022). Os desafios da democracia em face da revolução 4.0. (Dissertação de Mestrado), Universidade Portucalense, Portugal. Disponível no Repositório UPT, http://hdl.handle.net/11328/3905
Identifiers
TID
202942228
Designation
Mestrado em Ciências Jurídico Políticas
Access Type
Restricted Access