Parcerias público-privadas na saúde: um instrumento político ou de gestão?
Date
2022-06-30
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Portuguese
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Abstract
Desde 2001, em Portugal, as constantes reformas na gestão hospitalar têm vindo a
acompanhar as transformações dos modelos de gestão aplicados à administração pública,
com o objetivo de assegurar uma maior qualidade dos serviços e, em simultâneo, uma maior
eficiência na alocação de custos afetos ao setor da saúde.
Assim, fomos assistindo a uma crescente relação de proximidade da gestão dos hospitais do
Serviço Nacional de Saúde ao setor privado, por via da adoção de modelos de gestão nos
hospitais públicos e do estabelecimento de relações com o setor privado, das quais se
destacam as parcerias público-privadas hospitalares (PPP).
O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar se os modelos PPP, na área da saúde em
Portugal, são encarados pelos decisores como um modelo de gestão com vantagens efetivas
para a população, ou se, por outro lado, estamos perante uma ferramenta política
instrumentalizada. De forma particular, procedeu-se à análise, para o período compreendido
entre 2012 e 2021, dos resultados economico-financeiros (value-for-money) do modelo PPP,
dos resultados de performance dos hospitais PPP comparativamente com os do modelo EPE,
a adequação dos resultados em função do acordado contratualmente com o Estado e,
finalmente, do cumprimento dos objetivos traçados aquando da sua adjudicação, em termos
de benefícios sociais. Complementarmente, analisámos empiricamente o grau de satisfação
da população portuguesa face à qualidade do serviço prestado pelos hospitais PPP e o grau de
literacia da população portuguesa face a este modelo de gestão. Recorremos a metodologias
de investigação qualitativas – estudo de casos múltiplos e pesquisa de arquivo – e
quantitativas – modelização de equações estruturais com base em inquéritos.
Como principais resultados, verificou-se que: i) em Portugal, o modelo PPP, aplicado ao
setor da saúde, afigura-se como vantajoso, não só no que concerne aos resultados economicofinanceiros,
mas também quanto à qualidade da prestação dos serviços; ii) verifica-se um
baixo grau de literacia da população face ao modelo de gestão em PPP; iii) os utentes dos
hospitais EPE estão mais satisfeitos do que os utentes dos hospitais PPP, sendo esta diferença
estatisticamente significativa; iv) independentemente da mais-valia do modelo de gestão PPP
ou dos resultados apurados, a posição e decisão quanto à sua utilização parece estar sempre
condicionada à ideologia da força política que esteja no governo à data; v) e, não obstante o
Value-for-Money gerado pelos quatro hospitais em gestão PPP, assim como os menores custos
de construção e a performance superior face aos hospitais EPE, o governo Português optou
sempre pela reversão do modelo PPP para um modelo EPE. Como principal conclusão, de
acordo com os resultados obtidos, o modelo de gestão em análise é de facto um instrumento político instrumentalizado, e não é visto pelos governos, em Portugal, como um instrumento
de gestão que possa melhorar as condições de saúde da população, nem gerar poupanças
para o contribuinte.
Since 2001, in Portugal, constant reforms in hospital management have accompanied the transformations in the management models applied to public administration, with the aim of ensuring a higher quality of services and simultaneously a greater efficiency in the allocation of costs to the health sector. Thus, we have been witnessing a growing relationship of proximity between the management of National Health Service hospitals and the private sector, through the adoption of management models in public hospitals and the establishment of relationships with the private sector, of which the hospital public-private partnerships (PPP) stand out. The aim of this study was to analyse whether decision-makers see the PPP models in the area of health in Portugal as a management model with effective advantages for the population, or whether we are faced with an instrumentalised political tool. In particular, we analysed, for the period between 2012 and 2021, the economic and financial results (valuefor- money) of the PPP model. Also, the performance results of PPP hospitals in comparison with the EPE model, the adequacy of the results, according to what was contractually agreed with the State and, finally, compliance with the objectives set out when they were awarded the contract, in terms of social benefits. In addition, we empirically analyse the degree of satisfaction of the Portuguese population regarding the quality of service provided by PPP hospitals and the literacy level of the Portuguese population regarding this management model. We used qualitative – multiple case studies and archival research – and quantitative – structural equation modelling based on surveys – as research methodologies. As main results, it was found that: i) in Portugal, the PPP model, applied to the health sector, appears to be advantageous, not only regarding the economic and financial results, but also regarding the quality of service provision; ii) there is a low level of literacy among the population regarding the PPP management model; iii) the users of the EPE hospitals are more satisfied then the users of the PPP hospitals, being this difference statistically significant; iv) regardless of the added value of the PPP management model or the results obtained, the position and decision as to its use seems to always depend on the ideology of the political force in office at the time; v) in spite of the value-for-money generated by the PPP model for the four hospitals analysed, the lower construction costs and the superior performance in comparison with comparable EPE hospitals, the Portuguese government always opted to revert from a PPP model to a EPE model. As a main conclusion, according to the results obtained, the management model under analysis is in fact an instrumentalised political instrument and is not seen by governments in Portugal as a management tool that can improve the population's health conditions or generate savings for the taxpayers.
Since 2001, in Portugal, constant reforms in hospital management have accompanied the transformations in the management models applied to public administration, with the aim of ensuring a higher quality of services and simultaneously a greater efficiency in the allocation of costs to the health sector. Thus, we have been witnessing a growing relationship of proximity between the management of National Health Service hospitals and the private sector, through the adoption of management models in public hospitals and the establishment of relationships with the private sector, of which the hospital public-private partnerships (PPP) stand out. The aim of this study was to analyse whether decision-makers see the PPP models in the area of health in Portugal as a management model with effective advantages for the population, or whether we are faced with an instrumentalised political tool. In particular, we analysed, for the period between 2012 and 2021, the economic and financial results (valuefor- money) of the PPP model. Also, the performance results of PPP hospitals in comparison with the EPE model, the adequacy of the results, according to what was contractually agreed with the State and, finally, compliance with the objectives set out when they were awarded the contract, in terms of social benefits. In addition, we empirically analyse the degree of satisfaction of the Portuguese population regarding the quality of service provided by PPP hospitals and the literacy level of the Portuguese population regarding this management model. We used qualitative – multiple case studies and archival research – and quantitative – structural equation modelling based on surveys – as research methodologies. As main results, it was found that: i) in Portugal, the PPP model, applied to the health sector, appears to be advantageous, not only regarding the economic and financial results, but also regarding the quality of service provision; ii) there is a low level of literacy among the population regarding the PPP management model; iii) the users of the EPE hospitals are more satisfied then the users of the PPP hospitals, being this difference statistically significant; iv) regardless of the added value of the PPP management model or the results obtained, the position and decision as to its use seems to always depend on the ideology of the political force in office at the time; v) in spite of the value-for-money generated by the PPP model for the four hospitals analysed, the lower construction costs and the superior performance in comparison with comparable EPE hospitals, the Portuguese government always opted to revert from a PPP model to a EPE model. As a main conclusion, according to the results obtained, the management model under analysis is in fact an instrumentalised political instrument and is not seen by governments in Portugal as a management tool that can improve the population's health conditions or generate savings for the taxpayers.
Keywords
Hospitais, Entidades públicas empresariais, Parcerias público-privadas, Qualidade dos serviços hospitalares, Value-for-money, Satisfação dos utentes
Document Type
Doctoral thesis
Publisher Version
Dataset
Citation
Rodrigues, N. J. P. (2022). Parcerias público-privadas na saúde: um instrumento político ou de gestão? [Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências Empresariais, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/4349
Identifiers
TID
101648472
Designation
Doutoramento em Ciências Empresariais
Access Type
Open Access