Micaela Pinho

Pinho, Micaela

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Pinho

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Micaela

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Micaela Pinho

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Micaela Pinho é doutorada em Economia pela Escola de Economia e Gestão da Universidade do Minho. É Professora Associada na Universidade Portucalense e Professora Convidada na Universidade de Aveiro. Leciona unidades curriculares de Microeconomia e Macroeconomia. A sua principal área de investigação é Economia da Saúde. Tem inúmeros livros publicados de microeconomia, macroeconomia, estatística a economia industrial. Tem inúmeros artigos científicos publicados nas áreas da Economia da Saúde, sustentabilidade e turismo. Afiliação: REMIT – Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies. DEG - Departamento de Economia e Gestão.

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REMIT – Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies

Centro de investigação que que tem como objetivo principal produzir e disseminar conhecimento teórico e aplicado que possibilite uma maior compreensão das dinâmicas e tendências económicas, empresariais, territoriais e tecnológicas do mundo contemporâneo e dos seus efeitos socioeconómicos. O REMIT adota uma perspetiva multidisciplinar que integra vários domínios científicos: Economia e Gestão; Ciências e Tecnologia; Turismo, Património e Cultura. Founded in 2017, REMIT – Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies is a research unit of Portucalense University. Based on a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary perspective it aims at responding to social challenges through a holistic approach involving a wide range of scientific fields such as Economics, Management, Science, Technology, Tourism, Heritage and Culture. Grounded on the production of advanced scientific knowledge, REMIT has a special focus on its application to the resolution of real issues and challenges, having as strategic orientations: - the understanding of local, national and international environment; - the development of activities oriented to professional practice, namely in the business world.

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 70

Open Access
Business tourism in Porto: An empirical investigation of its potentialities and development challenges
2021-02-24 - Marques, Jorge; Pinho, Micaela
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the potentialities and weaknesses of the city of Porto (Portugal) in the business tourism segment in order to ensure and develop a destination’s business tourism strategy position. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected through the participation of 28 experts living/working in Porto in a three-round Delphi exercise. Experts should identify the main straights, weaknesses and opportunities of the city for the business tourism development. Findings – The main results show that the city’s potential to become landmark destination in the business tourism sector far outweighs its limitations. With measures aimed to improve the functionality of the business tourism segment and marketing strategies to increase external promotion, Porto meets the conditions to become an excellent business tourism destination. Originality/value – Many studies have been conducted from the perspective of leisure tourism; few have been conducted from the perspective of the business tourism and none have been conducted from the perspective of the business tourism in the city of Porto. This research fills a gap in the literature relating to the practice of meeting industry. It represents the first attempt to elicit stakeholders opinions about important issues related to the development of business tourism in the city. The results of the study provide a more informed and systematic basis on which to develop the business tourism segment in Porto.
Open Access
Social and ethical criteria for prioritizing patients: A survey of students and health professionals in Portugal.
2016 - Pinho, Micaela
This qualitative/quantitative study examines the ethical dilemma of microallocation of health resources. It seeks to identify and compare the opinion of two groups in Portuguese society – students and health professionals – on the importance of personal characteristics of patients at the moment of prioritizing them and if the choices can be explained by bioethical references of a utilitarian or deontological nature. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire administered to a sample of 180 students and 60 health professionals. Faced with hypothetical emergency scenarios, the respondents had to choose between two patients (distinguished by: age, gender, social responsibility, economic and employment situation, harmful health behaviors and criminal record), duly selecting who to treat and then justifying their choice. The results suggest the existence of differences in choices between the two groups, with health professionals revealing they are less prepared to accept the use of social criteria in a context of scarce resources and co-existence of utilitarian and deontological criteria, with a predominance of efficiency on the part of health professionals and equity on the part of students.
Open Access
Can we count on the commitment of European SMEs to achieve SGD12? An exploratory study of business sustainability
2023-09-25 - Gomes, Sofia; Pinho, Micaela
The United Nations created the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) to serve as a compass for a better future, i.e., for a sustainable future, a green, socially and financially prosperous tomorrow. Due to the significant responsibility of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to environmental dilapidation and destruction, they are an essential engine to the green transition. Business activities are central to achieving SDG12. This article focuses on the contribution of European SMEs to carbon neutrality. We explore the influence of SMEs’ investment in micro resource-efficiency actions on adopting macro measures of carbon neutrality and whether investments, financial, administrative, and regulatory requirements influence the implementation of resource efficiency practices. This is the first attempt to explore the interrelationship between micro resource efficiency and macro climate change measures. A quantitative analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) and the partial least squares method. Data from 2021 included 17,144 European SMEs and were retrieved from the fifth wave of the Flash Eurobarometer 498. The results reveal that SMEs' implementation of resource-efficient actions at the micro level positively influenced the adoption of macro-level measures for decarbonization. Furthermore, implementing these micro-measures was positively influenced by business investment and negatively affected by external sources of finance and regulatory and administrative requirements. Overall, the findings indicate that European SMEs still have a long way to go toward the twelfth SDG and decarbonization.
Open Access
Fórum: Racionamento dos Cuidados de Saúde: Introdução
2008 - Pinho, Micaela
Explicit rationing of health care is one of the most important issues under debate in the academic and political fields in both developed and developing countries. The articles presented in this Forum provide an approach to some of the questions relating to this issue. The approach is multidisciplinary, covering complex ethical questions and the contribution of economics to the debate. The analyses reveal specificities associated with the shift from implicit approach for rationing of health care, traditionally dominant in health systems, to a systematic and explicit priority-setting method in general and the potential incompatibility between efficiency and equity objectives in health policy in particular. The Forum's reflections link directly to current worldwide discussions on the questions “Why ration health care?” and “How to ration health care?”.
Restricted Access
Unlocking circular potential: The influence of personality traits on university students’ circular entrepreneurial attitude and intention
2025-01-21 - Lopes, João M.; Ferreira, João J.; Gomes, Sofia; Pinho, Micaela
Converting the paradigm of linear production into circular production is an enormous challenge whose implementation requires the intervention and collaboration of all the actors that make up the ecosystem. In this context, university students are privileged actors, as they may become future entrepreneurs responsible for promoting sustainable development. This research explores the effect of university students’ attitudes toward circular entrepreneurship on their intention to become a circular entrepreneur and the direct and indirect effects of three personality traits – perceived creativity, proactive personality, and risk-taking propensity – on both their circular entrepreneur attitudes and intentions, respectively. A quantitative approach was followed through the partial least squares method applied to a sample of 510 Portuguese university students. The results show that even though respondents reveal only a moderate intention to become circular entrepreneurs, this intention is directly influenced by their attitude toward sustainable entrepreneurship and indirectly (in this order) by their propensity to take risks, having a proactive personality, and creativity. The attitude toward sustainable entrepreneurship is, in turn, positively influenced by respondents’ propensity to take risks and their proactivity without any effect of creativity. The present study demonstrates the importance of younger personality traits on their attitudes regarding sustainability business and their intentions to become circular entrepreneurs. The present study shows that students’ risk-taking and proactive personality and, in particular, their creativity should be stimulated to create a new generation of circular entrepreneurs. With this work, we seek to help develop a new class of entrepreneurs, praising the role of universities, which allows Portugal to be closer to achieving sustainable development. Furthermore, this study will contribute to the yet scarce literature about circular economy and entrepreneurship in general.
Open Access
Avaliação de custo-utilidade como mecanismo de alocação de recursos em saúde: Revisão do debate
2009 - Veiga, Paula Alexandra Correia Veloso; Pinho, Micaela
Priorty setting in health care involves choosing between alternative health care programs and/or patients or groups of patients who will receive care. Tradicionally, health economists have prposed maximizing the additional health gain measured in QALYs as a way of setting priorities and maximizing social welfare. This requires that social value from health improvements be a product of gains in years of life, quality of life,and number of people treated. The results of a literature review suggest that potential health gain is not a single relevant determinant of value, nor is the role of maximizing this gain sufficient. The social value of a health gain appears not to be linear in termsof mortality and morbidity, or neutral vis-à-vis people’s characteristics or the ultimate distribution of health in society. In parallel with the review of the debate on the role and limitation of QALYs for prioritizing health care resources, the article attempts to justify the controversy over some empirical results, particularly in relation to the construction and expression of social preferences.
Restricted Access
Bedsides healthcare rationing dilemmas: A survey from Bulgaria and comparison with Portugal
2017 - Borges, Ana Pinto; Zahariev, Boyan; Pinho, Micaela
We investigate the views of Bulgarian citizens on the principles that should guide microallocation healthcare resources and compare them directly with those of Portuguese citizens. A self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 298 Bulgarian citizens, using methods from a matching previous study in Portugal. Respondents faced a hypothetical rationing exercise where they had to choose and order four patients (differentiated by personal and health characteristics) and a set of statements that embodied: (i) distributive criteria for prioritizing patients, (ii) who should prioritize patients, and (iii) the likelihood of these prioritization decisions being real. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and non-parametric test were used. Findings suggest that Bulgarian respondents: (i) support a plurality of distributive principles to underpin healthcare priority setting with an incident on the severity of health conditions, on utilitarianism and on reducing health inequalities; (ii) trust in the health professional to make prioritization decisions and (iii) do not seem to believe that patients' prioritization will ever become real. While Bulgarian and Portuguese respondents support a number of shared ethical principles they place a different level of importance to each. Bulgarians value mainly the age criterion in prioritizing patients, whereas Portuguese revealed a greater concern about efficiency.
Open Access
Green to gold: Consumer circular choices may boost circular business models
2023-10-05 - Lopes, João M.; Gomes, Sofia; Pinho, Micaela
Consumers are the true agents of transformation in the circular economy. By making con- scious and sustainable choices, they drive the development of circular business models, challenging the status quo and inspiring change for a more sustainable future. The main purpose of this paper is to assess the role of consumers in the circular economy as drivers of the development of circular business models. In detail, we explore whether Portuguese citizens make circular consumption choices and what factors influence these choices. An online questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 826 Portuguese. The quan- titative analysis was performed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method. Overall, we found that: (i) both pro-environmental habits and environmental concerns positively influ- ence their circular consumption choices, (ii) pro-environmental habits positively influence consumers’ greenwashing perception, and (iii) greenwashing perception highlights envi- ronmental concerns. This study demonstrates that by adopting pro-environmental habits, consumers can play a central role in transforming companies’ traditional business models into circular business models. Consequently, a model is proposed where consumers’ moti- vations for adopting circular behaviors are used to convert the companies’ business model from linear to circular. The model emphasizes the active participation of consumers
Restricted Access
Environmental sustainability from a generational lens: A study comparing generation X, Y, and Z ecological commitment
2024-09-10 - Pinho, Micaela; Gomes, Sofia
Environmental sustainability is increasingly pressing. Achieving it depends on the contribution of all of us. There is a broad spectrum of evidence that points to a generational gap in the way of viewing and dealing with environmental issues. This evidence is, however, mixed. This paper intends to explore whether there are differences between the Portuguese Generations X, Y, and Z about general environmental concerns, their involvement in collective actions for environmental protection, and specific pro-environmental behaviors. The data gathered from 757 Portuguese citizens were analyzed using descriptive and non-parametric statistical methods. Overall, we found that members of Generation Z showed the least environmental concerns and adopted fewer sustainable behaviors and little or no participation in collective actions for environmental protection. On the contrary, members of Generation X demonstrate more sustainable attitudes, followed by Millennials. In sum, the two younger generations have more in common with each other than they do with members of Generation X. This is the first attempt to understand generational differences in Portugal on specific environmental issues, helping to define policies emphasizing civil society's serious and consistent involvement in protecting the planet. Recommendations of the research enable us to understand the behaviors of individuals from different generations and allow producers and policymakers to develop and adopt measures to meet the specificities of each generation, leading them to adopt more sustainable practices, especially younger people.
Open Access
Is Gen Z on the path to sustainable tourism? An exploratory study of Portuguese youth
2022-07-15 - Pinho, Micaela; Gomes, Sofia
Purpose: Achieving sustainable development is a large and pressing challenge facing policymakers around the world. The ongoing dilapidation and depleting of the natural capital will have serious negative consequences for human well-being. Today, more than ever, the harmful relationship that an intense economic activity has on a finite Earth is evident. Everyday reports show environmental changes, on a global scale, from climate change to species extinction. The core question at the heart of sustainable development is how to allocate the finite resources of the planet to meet the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (World Commission on Environment and Development [WCED], 1987). However, sustainable development goes beyond economic concerns and also encompasses social and human dimensions. All these concerns were reflected in the United Nations resolution entitled “Transforming our world: 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” comprising 17 goals (United Nations, 2015). This agenda is ambitious as it seeks to eradicate poverty and hunger at the same time as it seeks to achieve gender equality, reduce inequalities and even achieve peace, justice, and effective institutions.Notwithstanding the commitment of the United Nations and all theoretical advances that have been made, in this matter, by economists, natural scientists, and other social sciences, the path to achieving sustainable development require a mindset change. Unlike previous generations, today’s young people, born after 1996, christened Generation Z seems more aware and concerned about the depletion of natural resources, often claiming that there is no planet B. Gen Zer’s attitudes, beliefs and behaviours have been shaped by issues such as globalization, terrorism, the 2008 financial crises, technology, and the Covid-19 pandemic. Understanding this generation is paramount since, in 2020, it has become dominant in the world, representing 32% of the world's population, greatly surpassing the Millennials or Baby Boomer generation (World Economic Forum [WEF], 2018). Furthermore, generation Z enters the group of youth travel that, in 2017, accounted for 23% of all international tourist arrivals, generating more than €250 billion (World Tourism Organization [WTO], 2016) and is expected to grow at unprecedented levels. The generational shift represents a major force that will shape the future of tourism (Corbisiero & Ruspini, 2018). This fact is particularly important insofar as tourism has the potential to contribute, directly or indirectly, to all of the 17 goals contemplated in the United Nations Sustainable Development agenda. Sustainable tourism is firmly positioned in the 2030 Agenda. Actually, it has been included as target in the eighth (inclusive and sustainable economic growth), twelfth (sustainable consumption and production), and fourteenth goal (sustainable use of oceans and marine resources). In this context, the main purpose of this exploratory paper is to analyse the support of the sustainable tourism segment through generational lenses. The present study intends to explore Generation Z behaviours and believes concerning sustainable development, in general, and how this affects their choices of a sustainable travel destination, in particular. Methodology: Data from a sample of 305 Portuguese college students was collected through an online questionnaire comprising three sections. Section A collected information about respondents’ level of importance assigned to ten sustainable objectives. Section B collected information about participants’ daily sustainable habits. Section C collected information about respondents’ level of agreement with three parameters of sustainable tourism. The quantitative analysis was performed through the application of the Partial Least Square model. Results: In general, respondents revealed high support for choosing a sustainable tourism destination. Moreover, we found evidence that general sustainability concerns, daily habits as well as sustainability concerns in destination choice significantly explain their choice of travel destination. These results reinforce the hope that this new generation can contribute to sustainable development through tourism.This research has valuable implications for tourism stakeholders to ensure a future growth prospect of sustainable tourism. It provides the tourism industry with new insights toward Generation Z as sustainability-conscious individuals. Originality: This study presents the first evidence of the support of young Portuguese tourists for sustainable tourism, in particular, and sustainable development, in general.

Pinho, Micaela

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