Avaliação do desempenho docente: contributos para um quadro de referência da prática profissional
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Date
2014-07
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Publisher
Universidade Portucalense
Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
Os desafios educacionais e políticos do século XXI apontam
deliberadamente para a qualidade do ensino e dos professores como estratégia
de mudança educativa. Esta mudança tem sido uma preocupação e as
reformas educativas têm surgido, um pouco por toda a parte, com o objetivo de
responder aos desafios que as sociedades modernas colocam às instituições e
de melhorar a qualidade da escola e o trabalho docente.
Assim, elegemos para o nosso estudo a seguinte problemática: que
quadro de referência (QR) para avaliar a prática profissional?
Este estudo decorreu em três Escolas Secundárias, integradas no sistema
de ensino público e localizadas na zona centro norte do país (distrito de Viseu).
A nossa investigação inscreve-se nos paradigmas de investigação
qualitativa e quantitativa. Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal, realizado entre
2011 e 2014, tendo sido privilegiados os seguintes instrumentos de recolha de
informação: o inquérito por questionário (n=154) aplicado aos professores que
se encontravam a lecionar nessas escolas no ano letivo de 2012/2013, o qual
foi complementado no ano letivo de 2013/2014 com a realização de uma
entrevista semiestruturada (n=3) aos Diretores das escolas em estudo.
Relativamente aos procedimentos para tratamento dos dados, os
cálculos para o tratamento estatístico foram efetuados com recurso ao
programa estatístico SPSS 19.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) e
os dados qualitativos foram analisados com recurso à análise de conteúdo.
Os resultados do estudo dão visibilidade aos sentidos extraídos das experiências relatadas e das respostas dos participantes no mesmo. Como
principais conclusões, salientam-se: i) os docentes participam em atividades de
partilha, colaboração e reflexão à volta de um QR comum; ii) os professores
melhoram a sua prática profissional quando colaboram na definição dos
padrões de desempenho (PD) e na construção dos instrumentos de registo (IR)
em torno de um QR comum, assim como iii) os professores desenvolvem
processos de autoavaliação e de autorregulação de natureza democrática com
base num QR comum.
Em síntese, a avaliação do desempenho docente (ADD) tem vindo a
adquirir uma centralidade crescente nos contextos educativos. Para além de
razões mais abrangentes que têm a ver com a importância gradual que a
avaliação adquire nas políticas educativas, considera-se que a ADD contribui
para a melhoria da qualidade do trabalho docente, das aprendizagens e dos
resultados escolares dos alunos.
The educational and political challenges of the twenty-first century deliberately point to the quality of the teaching and of the teachers as an educational change strategy. This change has been a concern and educational reforms have emerged, a little everywhere, in order to meet the challenges that modern societies place the institutions and to improve the quality of the school and of the teacher’s work. Thus, we chose for our study the following problem: what framework for teaching (FT) to evaluate professional practice? This study took place in three Secondary Schools, integrated into the public school system and they are located in the north central area of the country (Viseu county). Our work fits into the paradigms of qualitative and quantitative research. It is a longitudinal study performed between 2011 and 2014, privileging the following instruments to collect information: the questionnaire survey (n=154) applied to the teachers working in these schools in the academic year of 2012/2013, which was supplemented in the academic year of 2013/2014 with the completion of a semi structured interview (n=3) to the Directors of the schools in study. In relation to the procedures for processing the data, the calculations for the statistical processing were performed with the SPSS 19.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and the qualitative data were analyzed using the content analysis. The study results give visibility to the senses extracted from the reported experiences and responses of the participants in it. As main findings, we highlight: i) the teachers participate in sharing, collaboration and reflection activities around a common FT; ii) the teachers improve their practice when they collaborate in defining performance standards (PS) and in the construction of recording instruments (RI) around a common FT, and iii) the teachers develop self-evaluation and self-regulation processes of democratic nature based on a common FT. Summing up, teacher performance evaluation (TPE) has been gaining increasing centrality in educational contexts. Beyond broader reasons that have to do with the gradual importance the assessment takes into educational policies, it is considered that TPE contributes to the improvement of the quality of teaching, learning and the educational achievement of the students.
The educational and political challenges of the twenty-first century deliberately point to the quality of the teaching and of the teachers as an educational change strategy. This change has been a concern and educational reforms have emerged, a little everywhere, in order to meet the challenges that modern societies place the institutions and to improve the quality of the school and of the teacher’s work. Thus, we chose for our study the following problem: what framework for teaching (FT) to evaluate professional practice? This study took place in three Secondary Schools, integrated into the public school system and they are located in the north central area of the country (Viseu county). Our work fits into the paradigms of qualitative and quantitative research. It is a longitudinal study performed between 2011 and 2014, privileging the following instruments to collect information: the questionnaire survey (n=154) applied to the teachers working in these schools in the academic year of 2012/2013, which was supplemented in the academic year of 2013/2014 with the completion of a semi structured interview (n=3) to the Directors of the schools in study. In relation to the procedures for processing the data, the calculations for the statistical processing were performed with the SPSS 19.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and the qualitative data were analyzed using the content analysis. The study results give visibility to the senses extracted from the reported experiences and responses of the participants in it. As main findings, we highlight: i) the teachers participate in sharing, collaboration and reflection activities around a common FT; ii) the teachers improve their practice when they collaborate in defining performance standards (PS) and in the construction of recording instruments (RI) around a common FT, and iii) the teachers develop self-evaluation and self-regulation processes of democratic nature based on a common FT. Summing up, teacher performance evaluation (TPE) has been gaining increasing centrality in educational contexts. Beyond broader reasons that have to do with the gradual importance the assessment takes into educational policies, it is considered that TPE contributes to the improvement of the quality of teaching, learning and the educational achievement of the students.
Keywords
Quadro de referência, Avaliação do desempenho docente, Desenvolvimento profissional, Qualidade do trabalho docente, Framework for teaching, Teacher performance evaluation, Professional development, Quality of teaching
Document Type
Doctoral thesis
Publisher Version
Dataset
Citation
Silva, F. L. V. (2014). Contributos para um quadro de referência da prática profissional. (Tese de Doutoramento), Universidade Portucalense, Portugal. Disponível no Repositório UPT: http://hdl.handle.net/11328/1242.
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TID
101349343
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Open Access
Sponsorship
Orientação: Prof. Doutor Eusébio André da Costa Machado.
Description
Tese de Doutoramento em Educação na Área de Especialização em Supervisão Pedagógica.