Garantia autónoma: a responsabilidade do garante.
Date
2011
Embargo
Advisor
Coadvisor
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Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
As exigências do comércio internacional têm conduzido ao uso de um tipo de garantia
autónoma. Uma das suas características fundamentais é a sua autonomia em relação
ao contrato base, ou seja, não depende dos vícios e vicissitudes da relação base.
O recurso a esta forma de garantia explica-se devido à sua maior flexibilidade e
agilidade, relativamente a outras figuras, nomeadamente à fiança. Ultrapassado o
equívoco inicial, estas duas figuras já possuem um tratamento distinto e
independente, seja pela sua autonomia ou falta dela.
A falta de regulamentação da garantia autónoma é ultrapassada por acordos
estabelecidos entre as partes, consequência do princípio da liberdade contratual que,
em determinadas situações desatende os princípios basilares da ordem jurídica
portuguesa.
Apesar da garantia autónoma se basear no princípio da autonomia privada, assistindo-
lhe a inerente liberdade contratual, tal não significa uma legitimação ilimitada, que
permita ao beneficiário uma solicitação abusiva. Assim, a melhor doutrina aplicável
será a que permite a recusa do pagamento por parte do garante em determinadas
situações, como consequência do limite imposto à autonomia da garantia, mesmo que
o contrato inclua a cláusula "on first demand". Alguma doutrina considera que o não
pagamento da garantia devida a uma solicitação abusiva ou fraudulenta por parte do
beneficiário é não só um direito mas também um dever do garante.
The international trade growing demands have led to the use of na atypical guarantee, Know as independent guarantee. One of its key features is being independent from the base contract, that is, not depending on the vices and vicissitudes of the base realtionship. The use of this type f guarantee can be explain by its greater flexibility and agility, when compared to ohers,namely to the bail. After the initial misunderstanding is overcome, they may receive a distinct and independent treatment either beacause of its autonomy or lack of it. The lack of regulation of independent assurance is overcome by agreements between the parties involves, a consequence of the principle of contractual freedom that, in certain situations, disregards the essential pillars of the portuguese legal system. Although the independent guarantee has in its essence the principle of private autonomy, having the right to its inherent contractual freedom, it doesn’t imply ann unlimited legitimacy that would allow the recipient na abusive request. Thus, the best doctrine will be the one that allows the refusal of payment by the guarantor, under certain circunstances, as a consequence of guarantee, even if the contract includes the clause “on first demand”. Some doctrines defend not paying the established guarantee to na abusive or fraudulent request by the recipient is only a right but na obligation of the guarantor.
The international trade growing demands have led to the use of na atypical guarantee, Know as independent guarantee. One of its key features is being independent from the base contract, that is, not depending on the vices and vicissitudes of the base realtionship. The use of this type f guarantee can be explain by its greater flexibility and agility, when compared to ohers,namely to the bail. After the initial misunderstanding is overcome, they may receive a distinct and independent treatment either beacause of its autonomy or lack of it. The lack of regulation of independent assurance is overcome by agreements between the parties involves, a consequence of the principle of contractual freedom that, in certain situations, disregards the essential pillars of the portuguese legal system. Although the independent guarantee has in its essence the principle of private autonomy, having the right to its inherent contractual freedom, it doesn’t imply ann unlimited legitimacy that would allow the recipient na abusive request. Thus, the best doctrine will be the one that allows the refusal of payment by the guarantor, under certain circunstances, as a consequence of guarantee, even if the contract includes the clause “on first demand”. Some doctrines defend not paying the established guarantee to na abusive or fraudulent request by the recipient is only a right but na obligation of the guarantor.
Keywords
Solicitadoria, Garantia autónoma, Responsabilidade do garante
Document Type
Master thesis
Publisher Version
Dataset
Citation
Almeida, J.M.R. (2011). Garantia autónoma: a responsabilidade do garante. Dissertação de Mestrado em Solicitadoria.
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Restricted Access
Sponsorship
Orientação: Prof.ª Doutora Mónica Martinez de Campos.