Silva, Maria Manuela Magalhães

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Silva

Primeiro Nome

Maria Manuela Magalhães

Nome

Maria Manuela Magalhães Silva

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0000-0003-4261-7271
A118-1EE1-6B9A
F-4926-2013

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IJP - Instituto Jurídico Portucalense
O Instituto Jurídico Portucalense (IJP) é um centro de investigação em ciências jurídicas que tem como objetivo principal promover, apoiar e divulgar a investigação científica nessa área do saber produzida na Universidade Portucalense e nos Institutos Politécnicos de Leiria e de Lisboa, suas parceiras estratégicas.

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2017 - 2019132020 - 202311
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Data final: 2023 × Assunto: European Union ×

Resultados da pesquisa

A mostrar 1 - 10 de 24
  • Miniatura
    PublicaçãoAcesso Aberto
    Artificial intelligence related to education as seen by the European Union
    2022-03 - Ferreira, Maria João; Alves, Dora Resende; Silva, Maria Manuela Magalhães
    Each year, the Commission presents the Digitality indices of the Economy and Society (IDES) and Portugal appears relatively well-positioned compared to the European average. However, will this indication be enough to educate new generations regarding the desired digital transformation?. More than 80% of young people in Europe use the internet for social activities, but on the other hand, the lack of knowledge about fundamental rights and the exercise of citizenship is still worrying. European and national citizenship are not fully exercised and we are already moving towards the construction of a new digital citizenship with new associated rights. What makes you question whether education is achieving its ends?. As new technologies, how could the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) be aimed at guaranteeing the educational process towards a better use of democracy in EU? The literature presents several definitions of AI; according to the British one, AI can be defined as "the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks normally associated with intelligent beings". And, it is in this context, the use of AI goes through the most varied fields of action ranging from society in general to areas such as medicine, production, and education. In the education area, the object of this study, AI, is used for several purposes: (i) institutional use - (1) marketing to prospective students, (2) calculating class sizes, (3) planning curricula, and (4) allocating resources such as financial aid and facilities. (ii) Student support - (1) help in automatically scheduling their course load, (2) recommendation of courses, majors and career paths (such recommendations are based on how students with similar data profiles performed in the past, (3) just-in-time financial help (Educational institutions can use data on students to provide them with microloans or advances at the last minute of payment if they need the money to, for example, reach the end of the semester and not drop out. (iii) Preventing dropout through predictive analytics by providing early warnings by analyzing a wide range of data, e.g., academic, non-academic, and operational data. (iv) And, the last but not the least, educational institutions already apply IA in training/teaching, using IA-based software systems that respond to the pace and progress of individual students. The system evaluates students' progress and recommends, or automatically delivers, specific parts of a course for students to review and/or additional resources to consult. However, in this context, although AI-based systems can successfully help the presented activities, some cautions and issues arise, namely student autonomy and privacy. This study intends to take a look into the legislative and preparatory documents and cases presented in the literature that enshrine the issue of digital education and the use of Artificial Intelligence. For this, an integrative literature review will be used. From a theoretical and academic perspective, it is consolidated through the systematic and methodologically selected normative interpretation of national and international legal texts and the law of the European Union. Without presenting quantitative data, the intention is to bring to the discussion and debate the contribution of Artificial Intelligence in digital education as framed in the legislative intentions of the EU.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaçãoAcesso Aberto
    Notes about digital education in democracy and education about the European Union
    2021 - Alves, Dora Resende; Ferreira, Maria João; Silva, Maria Manuela Magalhães
    Digitalization can be defined as a socio-technical process of applying digitalization techniques in social and institutional contexts that make digital technologies infrastructural. The context of increasing digitalization and connection of the real world to the digital world has led to changes in people everyday lives, markets, business relationships and value chains. Education accompanies and adapts to the new digital age. Digital education is a political intention. But is it already a reality? The pandemic situation outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 came, suddenly, to put the use of technologies at an immediate and high level, but perhaps without full preparation. This unexpected use demonstrates the imperative need for concerted action to guarantee conscious and democratic access. If education values digital, another question arises as how to use the new ways to achieve a priority for the European Union: education about the European Union. It seems so obvious and simple and it is still so fragile and scattered. European literacy is still a skill to be acquired at a minimum level for most of the population in the Member States, as known by the Commission. In this context, it is intended to debate the valuation of the European Union's intentions in achieving access to digital media for education. This study, based on the literature review methodology, intends to look at the legislative and preparatory documents and cases presented in the literature that consecrate the issue of digital education. For this purpose, an integrative literature review will be used. Theoretical-academic, it is consolidated through systematic and methodologically selected normative interpretation of national, international legal texts and European Union law.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaçãoAcesso Aberto
    The European citizens' initiative within democracy context
    2017-05-28 - Campina, Ana; Alves, Dora Resende; Silva, Maria Manuela Magalhães
    Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law are the main European values that supported the construction of the European Union (EU). The European citizenship initiative is a right that was introduced by the Lisbon Treaty as a new instrument for participative transnational democracy.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaçãoAcesso Aberto
    Migrants and refugees in European Union: “Warm peace”, Human Rights education and political sustainability
    2019 - Campina, Ana; Silva, Maria Manuela Magalhães
    Nowadays European Union migrant’s situation, named as a crisis, has begun during the II World War due the Holocaust. Considering the EU position and their state member facing serious Human Rights violation as well as a political complex diplomatic development (inside and outside) the European context. Holocaust has obliged millions of European citizens to “escape” from their own countries to be able to survive. The political consequences of this movement were controlled based on the diplomacy considering the war context and each state “position”. Due the most different reasons, along the 20th century the migration in, from and to Europe was an important and strong social movement but without a negative global political impact but economical. However, the last decade, especially after 2010 with the “Spring Arab” revolutions in Middle East and North Africa, Europe has been the destination of millions - illegal migrants and Refugees.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaçãoAcesso Aberto
    Migrants and Refugees in European Union: “Warm Peace”, Human Rights Education and Political Sustainability
    2018-11 - Campina, Ana; Silva, Maria Manuela Magalhães
    Nowadays European Union migrant’s situation, named as a crisis, has begun during the II World War due the Holocaust. Considering the EU position and their state member facing serious Human Rights violation as well as a political complex diplomatic development (inside and outside) the European context. Holocaust has obliged millions of European citizens to “escape” from their own countries to be able to survive. The political consequences of this movement were controlled based on the diplomacy considering the war context and each state “position”. Due the most different reasons, along the 20th century the migration in, from and to Europe was an important and strong social movement but without a negative global political impact but economical. However, the last decade, especially after 2010 with the “Spring Arab” revolutions in Middle East and North Africa, Europe has been the destination of millions - illegal migrants and Refugees.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaçãoAcesso Aberto
    The right to education as a fundamental right in democracy
    2017 - Silva, Maria Manuela Magalhães
    To know whether the right to knowledge is achieved through constitutional law on education and how it can be found to be enshrined both in the domestic law of the States and in European Union law. The theme is of greater relevance to fundamental rights in the today’s political agenda. The purpose of this analysis is to demonstrate that the role of universities is crucial, and that the EU actively promotes education. These are the ways to promote development. In the Portuguese national dimension, the right to education is presented in the Constitution. In international European law is also enshrined. In any case there is a positive dimension in this right that involves the intervention of States. Through a methodology with literature revision of national legal texts and EU law it is possible to analyze the progress achieved historically towards the integration objectives in the Member States' recommendation to make education systems more adequate and inclusive.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaçãoAcesso Aberto
    The value of new technologies in participatory democracy: the case of the European Citizens’ Initiative
    2018-10 - Ferreira, Maria João; Alves, Dora Resende; Silva, Maria Manuela Magalhães
  • Miniatura
    PublicaçãoAcesso Aberto
    La importancia de las nuevas tecnologías en la democracia participativa: El caso de la Iniciativa Ciudadana Europea
    2019-06-21 - Ferreira, Maria João; Alves, Dora Resende; Silva, Maria Manuela Magalhães
    La participación democrática sigue siendo el camino a seguir por las sociedades que buscan una paz estable mediante el ejercicio de una ciudadanía activa. Desde 2012, el instrumento Iniciativa Ciudadana Europea está presente en el proceso de elaboración de las disposiciones jurídicas y normativas de la Unión Europea. Uno de los aspectos de esta ciudadanía es el de permitir a los ciudadanos que se involucren en la toma de decisiones a través de la participación en el ejercicio del trabajo legislativo. El Tratado de Lisboa introdujo el derecho a la Iniciativa Ciudadana Europea (en ingles, ECI). El objetivo era implicar activamente a los ciudadanos en la toma de decisiones en Europa, ofreciéndoles una forma indirecta de iniciativa legislativa. Las tecnologías de la información (TI) son, en general, la base de las organizaciones modernas, y los cambios en este campo se producen a un ritmo vertiginoso, deteniendo el desarrollo de los modelos tradicionales y obligando a las organizaciones a implementar nuevos modelos, nuevas formas de trabajar y comunicarse. En este contexto, la Comisión Europea, sin ignorar la relevancia y las transformaciones inherentes al uso de las Tecnologías de la Información, ha incluido el uso de estas tecnologías en varios ámbitos, concretamente en la Iniciativa Ciudadana Europea. En esta investigación se analiza en qué medida una plataforma, disponible en el contexto de la Iniciativa Ciudadana Europea, se utiliza en las peticiones y la evolución de su uso hasta la finalización de la revisión en 2018.
  • PublicaçãoAcesso Restrito
    Education for access to European Union Law through the use of digital technologies
    2021 - Silva, Maria Manuela Magalhães; Alves, Dora Resende
    The chosen theme is related the effective application of EU rules as an important aspect for European citizens that affects their daily lives and how citizens feel proximity to EU law. The problem is not always the absence of EU legislation, but the fact that it can be known and applied effectively. Education about the EU is a challenge that requires a greater emphasis on implementation in order to serve the general interest. And what role does the use of digital technologies play in this context? How can the use of these technologies bring citizens closer to the functioning of the EU? Will there be a strengthening of democracy on this path? How it can assist education policy? Those are the questions to be answered. The purpose of this analysis is to demonstrate that as Member States are primarily responsible for the application of EU law, there is still an effort to be made for the efficiency of European law enforcement procedures through the use of new technologies and without the support of education, such task becomes difficult.
  • PublicaçãoAcesso Restrito
    Developments for the contribution by the new technologies in the right to education: An European Law approach
    2023-03 - Alves, Dora Resende; Ferreira, Maria João; Silva, Maria Manuela Magalhães
    The importance of the right to education as a fundamental right and an instrument of democracy is still underlined by recent documents of the European Union (EU) and so the authors present a development of a previous study. The right to education is legally written both at the level of national law of member States, in constitutional texts and at the level of international law, is with the documentation of the European Union that results in emphasizing the importance of education for the whole Democratic and economic system and also for the value of rule of law. The right to education, as well as the right to vocational and continuing training – long life education –, as mentioned, deserve the attention of the latest documents of the European Union which, many of them although they do not possess the dignity of legislative acts (as soft law), shape Member States' guidance in their performance. Thus valued, the right to education arises as a conditioning factor in the widest subjects. With the use of digital technologies, education systems become facilitators and promoters of skills development, namely knowledge (hard skills) and behavioral skills (soft skills), essential in exercising democratic ideals and the value of the rule of law. However, this raises the problem of access to these same technologies and their possible use in education to articulate, participate and shape the future of a Europe characterized by democracy, solidarity and inclusion. What contribution can the referred digital technologies provide to a more effective realization of the constitutionally recognized right? The discussion is still recent. Digital technology enriches learning in many ways and offers several learning opportunities, but how to guide it? The value of the rule of law is as a priority in Europe as we speak. But it turns out that, in it, the realization of the right to education is not yet achieved in its fullness. It will also be through the policy of education and training that the common values and the general principles of law remain. The focus of intervention by the State and the international community has also been a necessity and priority. In its various rule of law protection mechanisms, the Union stresses the importance of digital media and their use to pursue this essential value. The research intends to focus on the legislative documents from 2018 to 2022 dedicated to using digital technologies valorization to achieve this right. The theoretical-academic penchant is consolidated through systematic normative interpretation and has as pure intent the expansion of knowledge in research in a qualitative and exploratory approach without presenting quantitative data, the aim is to bring continuously to discussion and debate the role, value, and capacity of the use of digital technologies in enforcing a positive right that depends on the state's actions for its implementation. Being certain of the importance of education as a vehicle of promoter of democratic values and for the realization of other public policies, the adequacy of the teaching system to new technological demands arises as a challenge and a need for which there is still a long way to go, which is the way of the mere documentary consecration by the institutions of the European Union.