Lifespan perspective on self-compassion: Insights from age-groups and gender comparisons

Abstract

Developmental stages present challenges that prepare the individual for new roles. Self-compassion may be a protective factor across this process. The present study aims to: (1) compare self-compassion scores in adolescence, young adulthood, adulthood, and older adulthood using a cross-sectional design and a continuous multigenerational sample; (2) study gender comparisons across age-groups; and (3) study gender comparisons within each age-group. The sample included 242 adolescents, 239 young adults, 208 adults, and 198 older adults. Participants answered the Self-Compassion Scale. Whereas Overall Self-compassion was similar for all age-groups, differences were found in Self-judgment, Common Humanity, Mindfulness, and Over-identification. Comparisons across age-groups for Isolation and Over-identification suggested that, as they age, female individuals develop self-compassion, whereas male individuals may struggle to be self-compassionate. Comparisons within age-groups suggested that, particularly, female adolescents and male adults may struggle the most to be self-compassionate. These findings may inform targeting specific needs, according to age and gender.