A Novel Approach to Training Monotony and Acute-Chronic Workload Index: A Comparative Study in Soccer

dc.contributor.authorAfonso, José
dc.contributor.authorNakamura, Fábio Yuzo
dc.contributor.authorCanário-Lemos, Rui
dc.contributor.authorPeixoto, Rafael
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Cátia Sofia
dc.contributor.authorMota, Tomás
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Miguel
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Rafaela
dc.contributor.authorTeixeira, Armando
dc.contributor.authorClemente, Filipe Manuel
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-29T16:31:46Z
dc.date.available2025-05-29T16:31:46Z
dc.date.issued2021-05-31
dc.description.abstractLoad is a multifactorial construct, but usually reduced to parameters of volume and intensity. In the last decades, other constructs have been proposed for assessing load, but also relying on relationships between volume and intensity. For example, Foster's Training Monotony has been used in athletes' load management simply by computing mean weekly load divided by its standard deviation, often multiplied by session rate of perceived exertion. Meanwhile, the Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio (ACWR) has been debated by the sport scientists as a useful monitoring metric and related to so-called injury prevention. None of these models includes parameters that are representative of training specificity, namely load orientation. The aim of this study is to present broader conceptual approaches translated by new indices for assessing Intraweek Training Monotony (ITM) and Acute to Chronic Workload Index (ACWI) while incorporating load orientation, session duration and weekly density (frequency normalized) in addition to parameters related to proxies of external and/or internal load. Our ITM and Foster's Training Monotony were similar in terms of average values, but very different for individualized analysis, illustrating how average values may be deceiving. While Foster's model provided clusters of values, ITM provided more scattered, individualized data. ACWI and ACWR provided very distinct qualitative information, and the two models were uncorrelated. Therefore, the models incorporating training load orientation presented in this study provide distinct and not redundant information when compared to previous models. More importantly, ITM and ACWI are metrics that are compatible to each other and might fit to coaches' monitoring targets in the short and medium terms, respectively. Because our models include several parameters, including load orientation, we contend that might provide a more complete monitoring tool. However, we suggest they are used for intraindividual comparisons and not so strongly for interindividual comparisons.
dc.identifier.citationAfonso, J., Nakamura, F. Y., Canário-Lemos, R., Peixoto, R., Fernandes, C., Mota, T., Ferreira, M., Silva, R., Teixeira, A., & Clemente, F. M. (2021). A Novel Approach to Training Monotony and Acute-Chronic Workload Index: A Comparative Study in Soccer. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 3, 661200, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.661200. Repositório Institucional UPT. https://hdl.handle.net/11328/6339
dc.identifier.issn2624-9367
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11328/6339
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherFrontiers Media S.A.
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.661200
dc.rightsopen access
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectfootball
dc.subjectperformance
dc.subjectload direction
dc.subjectload management
dc.subjectmultidimensional models
dc.subjecttraining monotony
dc.subjectacute:chronic
dc.subject.fosCiências Naturais - Ciências da Computação e da Informação
dc.titleA Novel Approach to Training Monotony and Acute-Chronic Workload Index: A Comparative Study in Soccer
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.referenceshttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sports-and-active-living/articles/10.3389/fspor.2021.661200/full
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage13
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleFrontiers in Sports and Active Living
oaire.citation.volume3
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.affiliation.nameREMIT – Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies
person.familyNameFerreira
person.givenNameMiguel
person.identifier.ciencia-id7312-2245-4991
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0570-6259
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55860403900
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationdc7dc958-bfcb-4cae-b0e1-279ba1e6b352
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoverydc7dc958-bfcb-4cae-b0e1-279ba1e6b352

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