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Green Bonds and Green Banking Loans: A Systematic Literature Review
2026-01-14 - Alcarva, Paulo; Pinto, João; Pacheco, Luís Miguel; Madaleno, Mara; Barros, Teresa
The main purpose of this research is to examine the significance of green bonds and green banking loans as financing tools for ecologically sustainable projects in the face of increasing worldwide environmental issues. This research seeks to uncover the determinants of both instruments’ issuance and the obstacles to their acceptance. A thorough systematic literature review will be conducted to assess the efficacy of these tools in improving company financial performance and cost of debt, advancing environmental sustainability, and influencing investor behavior. This methodology guarantees a comprehensive and impartial examination of peer-reviewed publications from reputable sources such as Web of Science and Scopus. Although issues such as greenwashing, market liquidity, and regulatory discrepancies still exist, both tools are growing steadily in the sustainable financing spectrum. The results also suggest that both instruments are influenced by several factors, often overlapping due to their common focus on financing sustainable projects. The credit rating, financial health, and overall environmental performance of the issuing entity significantly influence the attractiveness and pricing of green bonds, as do the market conditions, regulatory frameworks, and certification. The environmental profile and creditworthiness of the borrower are key determinants for green banking loans. The review enhances the current body of knowledge by presenting a theoretical structure for comprehending the dynamics of green debt markets and proposing practical recommendations for policymakers and financial institutions. Furthermore, it emphasizes the deficiencies in existing research, including the need for further longitudinal investigations into green bank loans and a more thorough examination of the notion of ‘greenium’. We searched Web of Science and Scopus up to 26 April 2024. Eligibility criteria included peer-reviewed English-language studies on green bonds or green banking loans. After screening, 128 studies were found to have met the inclusion criteria.
Execução fundada em requerimento de injunção com fórmula executória: O contraditório mitigado em sede de embargos de executado
2025-05-01 - Gomes, Susana Seabra; Mesquita, Lurdes Varregoso
O procedimento de injunção surgiu no ordenamento jurídico português com um modelo puro, não documental e não judicial. [...]
Predictive Maintenance Using Autoencoders and Messaging Systems
2025-11-18 - Carvalho, Rui; Sousa, Diogo; Leal, Fátima
This article presents an anomaly detection system for bearing data, leveraging Apache Kafka for efficient data streaming and an LSTM autoencoder. The system relies on a data producer that reads bearing vibration data, computes the Root Mean Square values, and streams both raw and processed data to a Kafka topic. The consumer processes this data, storing the raw values in a PostgreSQL database, and performs anomaly detection. By utilising pre-fitted scalers and defined statistical thresholds, the system effectively identifies deviations from normal operating conditions. The architecture ensures seamless data ingestion, storage, and processing, enabling timely interventions to prevent equipment failures. Experimental results demonstrate the system’s efficacy in detecting anomalies, highlighting its scalability, adaptability, and practical applicability in industrial predictive maintenance.