Vistos Gold: uma reflexão ético-jurídica
Date
2022-10-17
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Language
Portuguese
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Abstract
Os Golden Visas ou Vistos Gold são autorizações especiais de residência para
estrangeiros, obtidas através de uma atividade de investimento. Permitem a entrada e
residência de um cidadão não europeu num Estado-membro da União Europeia (UE),
por um período igual ou superior a um ano. Estes vistos possibilitam ainda a circulação
do cidadão que o obteve por todo o Espaço Schengen.
Muitos Estados, alguns membros da União Europeia, lançaram mão destes vistos a
fim de atrair investimento estrangeiro, com maior ou menor sucesso, mas com crescente
polémica e impactos negativos que levam a que muitos reclamem a sua eliminação. O
tema é, portanto, pertinente e está na ordem do dia.
A presente dissertação dedicou-se, neste contexto, ao estudo e a uma reflexão
ético-jurídica dos Golden Visa. Numa primeira fase, procurou-se abordar o programa do
Golden Visa português, fazendo um breve enquadramento legal, incluindo as mais
recentes alterações. Posteriormente, foram analisados regimes análogos noutros
países, com ênfase para dois deles, estabelecendo-se comparações com o português.
Procurou-se contribuir para dar resposta a algumas inquietações, que se formularam
da seguinte forma: 1) Vistos Gold para países europeus: residência, cidadania ou
investimento? 2) Qual a razão de cidadãos mais abastados comprarem cidadania
em países periféricos? 3) Vistos Gold: Investimento ou Branqueamento?
Golden Visas are special residence permits for foreigners, obtained through an investment activity. They allow the entry and residence of a non-European citizen in a Member State of the European Union (EU), for a period equal to or greater than one year. These visas also allow the citizen who obtained them to circulate throughout the Schengen Area. Many States, some members of the European Union, have used these visas in order to attract foreign investment, with greater or lesser success, but with growing controversy and negative impacts that lead many to demand their elimination. The topic is therefore relevant and on the agenda. The present dissertation was dedicated, in this context, to the study and an ethical-legal reflection of the Golden Visa. In a first phase, we tried to approach the Portuguese Golden Visa program, making a brief legal framework, including the most recent changes. Subsequently, similar regimes were analyzed in other countries, with emphasis on two of them, establishing comparisons with Portuguese. We sought to contribute to answering some concerns, which were formulated as follows: 1) Golden Visa for European countries: residence, citizenship or investment? 2) Why do wealthier citizens buy citizenship in peripheral countries? 3) Gold Visas: Investment or Money Laundering?
Golden Visas are special residence permits for foreigners, obtained through an investment activity. They allow the entry and residence of a non-European citizen in a Member State of the European Union (EU), for a period equal to or greater than one year. These visas also allow the citizen who obtained them to circulate throughout the Schengen Area. Many States, some members of the European Union, have used these visas in order to attract foreign investment, with greater or lesser success, but with growing controversy and negative impacts that lead many to demand their elimination. The topic is therefore relevant and on the agenda. The present dissertation was dedicated, in this context, to the study and an ethical-legal reflection of the Golden Visa. In a first phase, we tried to approach the Portuguese Golden Visa program, making a brief legal framework, including the most recent changes. Subsequently, similar regimes were analyzed in other countries, with emphasis on two of them, establishing comparisons with Portuguese. We sought to contribute to answering some concerns, which were formulated as follows: 1) Golden Visa for European countries: residence, citizenship or investment? 2) Why do wealthier citizens buy citizenship in peripheral countries? 3) Gold Visas: Investment or Money Laundering?
Keywords
Vistos Gold, Investimento estrangeiro, Bens-imóveis, Transferência de capitais, Criação de emprego, Residência, Cidadania
Document Type
Master thesis
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Dataset
Citation
Rebanda, M. I. R. (2022). Vistos Gold: uma reflexão ético-jurídica [Dissertação de Mestrado em Direito Especialização em Ciências Jurídico-Empresariais, Universidade Portucalense]. Repositório Institucional UPT. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/4504
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TID
203134230
Designation
Mestrado em Direito Especialização em Ciências Jurídico-Empresariais
Access Type
Open Access