Landscape Transformations and Heritage Management in Galicia: Insights from the Ulló Saltworks Complex

Abstract

The Galician Rias represent a unique and distinctive geographical entity within the context of the Iberian territory. Characterised by their estuarine geomorphology, resulting from the submersion of ancient fluvial valleys, they hold significant ecological and cultural value. Currently perceived as natural heritage, their utilisation for productive purposes has been a key driver of structured human settlement and economic development in the surrounding region. This article aims to systematise the main historical transformations of the Galician Rias through an interdisciplinary methodology, combining the overlaying of historical and contemporary cartographic sources with the documentary analysis of primary and secondary records. This approach enables the reconstruction and interpretation of landscape transformations, producing a narrative of the evolutionary processes that have shaped these areas. The research seeks to contribute to the formulation, extension, and diversification of protective measures for Galicia’s riparian zones, while simultaneously raising awareness of the importance of safeguarding archaeological remains from classical, medieval, and pre-industrial periods. These vestiges are increasingly under threat from profound alterations to their natural and anthropogenic contexts. Additionally, the study highlights the value of preserving this heritage to foster public awareness of the need to protect these fragile landscapes.