Lobo, Carla Azevedo
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Lobo
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Carla Azevedo
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Carla Azevedo Lobo
Biography
Carla Azevedo Lobo é doutorada em Gestão pela Universidade Portucalense. É Professora Auxiliar da Universidade Portucalense e leciona em cursos de Licenciatura, Mestrado e Doutoramento, na área das Ciências Empresariais. É também Coordenadora do Curso de Licenciatura em Gestão, desde 2010. É investigadora do REMIT (Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies). Foi a Investigadora Responsável do Projeto de Investigação ("IEcPBI”) na área dos Negócios Internacionais, financiado pelo COMPETE 2020, FEDER e FCT, entre 2018 - 2022.
Afiliação:
Investigadora do REMIT - Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies (departamento: DEG)
2E1D-CA98-5832
57210261298
G-9840-2016Research Projects
Organizational Units
REMIT – Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies
Centro de investigação que que tem como objetivo principal produzir e disseminar conhecimento teórico e aplicado que possibilite uma maior compreensão das dinâmicas e tendências económicas, empresariais, territoriais e tecnológicas do mundo contemporâneo e dos seus efeitos socioeconómicos. O REMIT adota uma perspetiva multidisciplinar que integra vários domínios científicos: Economia e Gestão; Ciências e Tecnologia; Turismo, Património e Cultura.
Founded in 2017, REMIT – Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies is a research unit of Portucalense University. Based on a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary perspective it aims at responding to social challenges through a holistic approach involving a wide range of scientific fields such as Economics, Management, Science, Technology, Tourism, Heritage and Culture.
Grounded on the production of advanced scientific knowledge, REMIT has a special focus on its application to the resolution of real issues and challenges, having as strategic orientations:
- the understanding of local, national and international environment;
- the development of activities oriented to professional practice, namely in the business world.
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Publication Open Access What Is the impact of informal entrepreneurship on venture capital flows?2020-11-23 - Santos, Eunice; Fernandes, Cristina I.; Ferreira, João J. M.; Lobo, Carla AzevedoThere has been a diverse range of research on the factors enabling informal entrepreneurship as well as the means to avoid or to eradicate its incidence. Several researchers argued that venture capital and financial flows, in general, contribute to economic growth and development. There have also been observations of how the investor level of trust in institutions facilitates investment decisions. This trust comes into play at the level of informal entrepreneurship and the ability of governments to control this type of entrepreneurship. Given that a great deal of research on this subject focuses its analysis on developing countries, we have chosen to investigate the reality of European countries precisely because of the scarcity of studies on the effect of informal entrepreneurship in this context. Our research aims to assess how informal entrepreneurship effects on venture capital flows. We use aggregated data at country level collected from a variety of sources, including the World Bank, Organization for Cooperation and Development and World Economic Forum, between 2006 and 2015 and 23 countries in Europe, corresponding to 230 observations (panel no. balanced). Through econometric estimation, which took place according to methodologies based on multiple regression models for panel data, the results demonstrate how informal entrepreneurship has a negative moderating effect between GDP and venture cUKapital flows. We intend to contribute to a better understanding of the effect of informal entrepreneurship on the flows of venture capital.Publication Open Access The impact of market orientation on the internationalisation of SMEs2020 - Fernandes, Cristina; Ferreira, João J. M.; Raposo, Mário; Lobo, Carla AzevedoPurpose – A key point in the internationalisation process of companies comes with the choice of international market. Following this choice, the results companies may thereby obtain help in measuring their level of international performance. This study aims to measure the impact of internationalisation processes in keeping with company market orientations (MOs) through measuring their effect on international performance. Design/methodology/approach – The authors obtained the data from a questionnaire sent out by email to a total of 8,103 exporting companies and/or with interests in exporting (the study population) registered in the AICEP-Portugal Global database that provided the email addresses of the company representatives responsible for internationalisation. The authors received a total of 320 valid responses (sample). Findings – The results display a positive MO effect both on internationalisation processes and on international performance. The authors also note the importance of studying the influence of strategic orientations on internationalization processes, motivated by the particular SME’s characteristics. Originality/value – The authors aim to contribute to the study of the influence of the MO, both upstream and downstream, thus seeking to verify its impact on internationalization processes.Publication Open Access The determinants of international performance for family firms: Understanding the effects of resources, capabilities, and market orientation2022-06-23 - Fernandes, Cristina; Ferreira, João J. M.; Veiga, Pedro Mota; Gerschewski, Stephan; Lobo, Carla AzevedoFamily firms (FFs) tend to display specific characteristics that differentiate them from non-family companies. In addition to the importance that FFs hold for the economic structure of many countries, their characteristics have motivated a wide range of research studies, including succession, corporate governance, and strategic management. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of resources (i.e. internationalisation networks), capabilities (i.e. employee characteristics and knowledge), and market orientation (i.e. internationalisation motivations), and how these facets influence the international performance of FFs. To this end, we administered a web-based questionnaire to a sample of 212 small and medium-sized FFs based in Portugal. In terms of the research methodology, we applied structural equation modelling (SEM) to test our hypotheses. We found that not only do resources and capabilities return a positive impact on internationalisation motivations, but also the combination of resources and capabilities and internationalisation motivations can positively influence the international performance of FFs. Our research contributes both to theory and FF management practises by analysing the strategic orientations adopted in internationalisation processes and the empirical relevance held by resources and capabilities. More specifically, we find that proactivity (i.e. internationalisation motivations), a network of contacts (i.e. resources) and assuming risks, mitigated by knowledge about the external market (i.e. capabilities), can enable the achievement of superior international performance for FFs.Publication Open Access A Possible Relationship Between Internationalization and Innovation Strategies: An Analysis of Portuguese SMEs2021-06-30 - Azevedo, Mónica; Maldonado, Isabel; Lobo, Carla Azevedo; Santos-Pereira, Carla; Durão, NatérciaThe importance of internationalization for firm’s survival and growth seems to be consensual among the researchers on this topic. Innovation is also considered a key factor for firm’s development and competitiveness. Moreover, the relationship between innovation and internationalization has become a matter of increasingly interest in the literature and can be analysed according to two streams: innovation as cause or consequence of companies’ internationalization. Additionally, given the great importance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) for the growth of economies, part of literature has paid special attention to this kind of enterprises. The purpose of this work is to verify the existence of a possible relationship between internationalization and innovation strategies among Portuguese firms by exploring whether Portuguese entrepreneurs consider innovation as an important factor or a motivation in the internationalization process. To achieve this goals, and based on data obtained from an online questionnaire survey, descriptive and inferential data analysis techniques are used. In particular, graphical representations, descriptive measures and also, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis (with multiple comparisons) non-parametric tests.Publication Open Access Factors affecting SMEs’ strategic decisions to approach international markets2020 - Fernandes, Cristina; Ferreira, João J. M.; Ortiz, Marta Peris; Lobo, Carla AzevedoThe internationalisation challenges that face all companies are no longer the exclusive concern of multinationals. Participation in the international marketplace has become a reality for large firms and small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) alike. This kind of participation can be rewarding for both companies and employees. The markets that SMEs enter and the success of this entry depend on several factors such as cultural differences, company tradition, venture capital, products and competitors. The goal of this study is therefore to understand whether the characteristics of the external market, the characteristics of the company itself and the barriers to internationalisation influence the strategic approach that SMEs adopt in their internationalisation processes. Using data on 320 Portuguese SMEs, we apply multivariate analyses to test the dimensions of internationalisation. We find that the decision of SMEs to internationalise involves an institutional change in response to external pressures in the home country. SMEs under greater institutional pressure not only tend to expand further but also engage in their initial international activities more radically.Publication Open Access The impact of entrepreneurial ecosystems on digital transformation: A meso level analysis2023-08-19 - Guimarães, J.; Fernandes, C.; Veiga, P.; Lobo, Carla AzevedoThis work aims to study the impact of meso-level variables of entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) on digital transformation. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate the research hypotheses, based on multiple linear regression, with a sample of 172 organisations. The results show that actors from the meso dimension of EEs positively impact digital transformation through knowledge, discoveries, guidance, co-opetition, co-creation and stimulation of technological search. The contributions of this study are in bringing a more refined perspective of the incentives of society actors to digital transformation, besides awakening to their importance in organisational processes and showing that associations for the satisfaction of own interests can culminate in common benefits.Publication Restricted Access Forecasting the yield curve with macroeconomic information: evidence from European markets2021 - Pinho, Carlos; Rodríguez de Prado, Francisco; Maldonado, Isabel; Lobo, Carla AzevedoIn this paper we analyse the predictive content of the introduction of macroeconomic variables in term structure dynamic models. We tested the dynamic models using data from the public debt, inflation rate and annual variation of the industrial production index for four European countries: Portugal, Spain, the United Kingdom and Germany. Results obtained for the period from January 1990 to December 2012 indicate that considering macroeconomic factors makes a positive contribution to the improvement of forecasts for different countries and maturities. However, the paper presents evidence of time-varying forecast accuracy, not only across yield maturities and forecast horizons, but also over data subperiods.Publication Open Access Digitalization, sustainability and internationalization Nexus: Insights from portuguese entrepreneurs2024-06-04 - Durão, Natércia; Moreira, Fernando; Santos-Pereira, Carla; Lobo, Carla AzevedoThe convergence of digitalization, sustainability, and internationalization represents a fundamental paradigm shift in today’s world of global business. This paper delves into the intricate relationship among these three pillars and their transformative impact on businesses, economies, and societies worldwide. Digitalization, characterized by the adoption of digital technologies, serves as a catalyst for internationalization, breaking down traditional barriers and fostering seamless connectivity across borders. Concurrently, the imperative of sustainability compels organizations to operate with consideration for environmental, social, and economic factors. Bearing this reality in mind, the aim of this study is to investigate, from the perspective of entrepreneurs of internationalized Portuguese companies, the factors contributing most to the importance they attach to digitalization in inducing internationalization. Using statistical methods of regression analysis (linear and logistic multivariate regression), the study seeks to identify the complex interactions between digitalization strategies and international expansion efforts. The results shed light on the critical role that digitalization plays in supporting internationalization goals and furthering sustainability objectives, stating that there is a strong connection between the importance of digitalization partnerships, counselling, and access to the new technologies and resources. Additionally, budget constraints may pose challenges for companies prioritizing digitalization efforts.Publication Open Access Global talent management during the COVID-19 pandemic? The Gods must be crazy!2022-01 - Fernandes, Cristina; Veiga, Pedro Mota; Raposo, Mário; Lobo, Carla AzevedoThe ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has brought terrifying effects for labor markets all around the world. Just as we witness rapid changes in terms of the ways of working (working from home), we are also observing an increase in unemployment. The ways in which major corporations with international operations process their global talent management (GTM) already represents a challenge in relatively stable times and clearly, in a period of such great and sustained turbulence as current experienced, this task becomes still more difficult. Hence, our research aims to study the impact of GTM on the international performance of major companies during the COVID-19 pandemic period. To this end, we surveyed a sample of 59 large companies that act in external markets. Through recourse to multiple linear regressions, we conclude that GTM practices return positive impacts on levels of international performance. Our research returns theoretical implications in terms of the application of integrated GTM models and with the results of significant relevance to corporations operating internationally, and thus enabling them to better understand which strategic human resource management policies will return the best GTM results.Publication Open Access The presence of foreign capital and the internationalization of Portuguese Industrial SMEs2022-02-02 - Lobo, Carla Azevedo; Pacheco, Luís Miguel; Maldonado, IsabelThe objective of this paper is to empirically examine the relationship between the firms’ ownership and control structure, in particular the presence of foreign capital, and their internationalization levels, measured in terms of intensity and diversification. The international performance of Portuguese SMEs, which is crucial for the domestic economy’s growth, depends on a multitude of factors, with the existence of foreign investment inflows directed to industrial SMEs being a usually forgotten factor. This paper fills that gap using a balanced panel data of 5722 firms for the period from 2010 to 2017, researching if the presence of foreign capital influences the level and scope of internationalization, and controlling the effects of other variables such as profitability, age, size, indebtedness and sector of activity. The origin of foreign capital is also considered, being researched if issues of institutional or development differences exert any influence over firms’ internationalization. The results evidence that the presence of foreign shareholders in SMEs positively influences internationalization and that the distance variable positively correlates with the internationalization measures. Moreover, there seems to exist a non-linear relationship between the development level of the country of origin of the share capital and internationalization, with the results indicating that firms with share capital originating from more advanced countries attain a higher degree of internationalization. As SMEs in Portugal face increasing competition, joining hands with resource-rich investors such as foreign corporations and institutional investors would be a fruitful strategy to enhance the international competitiveness of Portuguese firms.