Lobo, Carla Azevedo
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Lobo
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Carla Azevedo
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Carla Azevedo Lobo
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Carla Azevedo Lobo é doutorada em Gestão pela Universidade Portucalense. É Professora Auxiliar da Universidade Portucalense e leciona em cursos de Licenciatura, Mestrado e Doutoramento, na área das Ciências Empresariais. É também Coordenadora do Curso de Licenciatura em Gestão, desde 2010. É investigadora do REMIT (Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies). Foi a Investigadora Responsável do Projeto de Investigação ("IEcPBI”) na área dos Negócios Internacionais, financiado pelo COMPETE 2020, FEDER e FCT, entre 2018 - 2022.
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Investigadora do REMIT - Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies (departamento: DEG)
2E1D-CA98-5832
57210261298
G-9840-2016Research Projects
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Publication Open Access A performance internacional e a orientação para o Mercado: O caso das PME’s2020 - Fernandes, Cristina I. M. A. S.; Ferreira, João J. M.; Raposo, Mário; Lobo, Carla AzevedoUm ponto chave do processo de internacionalização das empresas é a escolha do mercado externo. Após esta escolha os resultados que uma empresa aí obtém podem ajudar a medir a sua performance internacional. Esta investigação visa, assim, medir o impacto no processo de internacionalização, mediante a sua Orientação para o Mercado (OM), assim como medir o seu efeito na performance internacional. Para tal, foram recolhidos dados através da realização de um questionário a 320 PME e mediante a aplicação de regressões lineares, os resultados evidenciam um efeito positivo da OM tanto no processo de internalização como no desempenho internacional. Verificamos também a importância de se estudar a influência das orientações estratégicas sobre os processos de internacionalização, podendo estes serem influenciados pelas particularidades das PME.Publication Open Access The importance of internationalization strategy for innovation in Portuguese firms2020-08 - Durão, Natércia; Santos-Pereira, Carla; Azevedo, Mónica; Maldonado, Isabel; Lobo, Carla AzevedoInnovation and internationalization seem to be vital strategies for the survival and growth of companies facing an increasingly competitive global environment. The twoway link between these two factors has become a topic of interest among researchers. Although innovation and internationalization are highly related activities, the role played by innovation in the internationalization process of firms has been analysed by internationalization, others consider that innovation can be a consequence of internationalization process. Given the great importance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) for the growth of economies, part of literature has paid special attention to this kind of enterprises. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between innovation and internationalization within Portuguese firms, in particular to analyse whether Portuguese entrepreneurs consider innovation as an important factor in the process of internationalisation. To achieve this goals, we will use descriptive and inferential data analysis techniques.Publication Open Access The importance of the skills in business digitalization for the internationalization strategy: Evidence for Portuguese firms2020 - Santos-Pereira, Carla; Durão, Natércia; Moreira, Fernando; Lobo, Carla AzevedoTo meet the requirements of both national and international competition firms need to engage in a continuous innovation process and constantly restructure their operations. Firms must find new ways to develop a competitive advantage, which entails searching for and acquiring new skills, resources and competences. Traditional theories of internationalization focused mainly on multinational firms, giving less importance to entrepreneurs with their small businesses. However, the development of the business world has been breaking all boundaries with the increasing internationalization of firms, not dependent on their size, activity sector or geographical area of origin. It is also widely acknowledged that organizations have suffered a large evolution at the technological level where the traditional barriers of information and knowledge transferring have been progressively eliminated. Digital transformation (DT), in business practice can enable significant competitive advantage. DT can also be seen as a deep and accelerating transformation with regard to processes, activities, competences and models, in order to take advantage of the changes and opportunities offered by the inclusion of digital technologies into an organization. In the literature of business internationalization, a large number of scientific studies focus on the determinants of internationalization and more specifically, on their relationship with the success / failure of internationalization. However, few of them analyze the entrepreneur’s perspective. Therefore, this work aims to present a study focused on the entrepreneur’s perception about the internationalization process of his company, more specifically, about the factors that enhanced the company entry into foreign markets as well as the constraints found in this process. In this project, through an empirical study from a sample of 195 Portuguese International firms, we intend to confirm if the integration of technological innovations in business practice can enable significant competitive advantage including in business internationalization.Publication Open Access The enhancers of the internationalization strategy and its relation with business performance – the Portuguese case2020-09 - Lobo, Carla Azevedo; Santos-Pereira, Carla; Durão, NatérciaInternationalization theories have been growing interest among researchers. However, as they mainly focused on the internationalization process of big and mature firms, it was thought that they need some other approaches that consider the challenges of small and younger firms. A growing flow of research on international new ventures(INV) has sought to understand the causes, processes and outcomes of the decision of smaller and younger firms to enter in foreign markets. The INV model states that some young SME’s rapidly internationalize exporting to distant markets practically since birth. Thus, instead of following the internationalization process theory, that states that firms enter new markets gradually, slowly compromising their resources in the development of export activities, these INV enter international markets almost immediately, without waiting until they have acquired experience in the domestic market with success. The perspective on international new ventures thus emphasizes the role of individual knowledge to argue that international ventures do not need organizational experiences, routines or capabilities to succeed in external markets. On the contrary, the international experiences of founders and other key managers can replace such shortcomings. In other words, the entrepreneur's role can define the firm's ability to acquire and operationalize its resources, thus being able to influence business performance, especially of international businesses. The growing popularity of this new perspective on international new ventures has created a body of literature on this issue and of its influence on international business performance. Aiming to analyze the existence of an association between international business performance and the factors that act, on the entrepreneur perspective, as enhancers of the internationalization strategy, an online questionnaire survey was conducted with several variables, based on the literature review. The questionnaire was sent to all firms registered in the AICEP database of Portuguese internationalized firms, by sending a link via e-mail and using the Google Forms tool between May 2019 and January 2020. Data collected from the 238 valid responses (Portuguese international firms) were treated by IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 software through a quantitative approach based on a descriptive, exploratory and inferential analysis. In accordance with International New Ventures Theory, the Strategic Choice view and Network theory, we expect to find evidence of the correlation between the factors that act, on the entrepreneur perspective, as enhancers of the internationalization strategy and the percentage of business that resulted from internationalization (termed “Turnover”). We also intend to ascertain if there is any evidence of the importance of the enhancing factors related to skills, knowledge and networks in international business performance.Publication Restricted Access The Impact of Cultural Barriers on the Internationalization Process2022-04 - Martins, Nayra; Oliveira, Susana; Lobo, Carla AzevedoThis study aims to analyze the impact of cultural differences in the internationalization process of small and medium-sized Portuguese firms. It was used a questionnaire survey, supported by an extensive literature review on business internationalization and its main barriers. In order to validate the form and content of the questionnaire, the instrument was pre-tested. [...]Publication Open Access Networking for internationalization: are young companies different from older ones?2020-09 - Sousa, Cristina; Lobo, Carla Azevedo; Santos-Pereira, CarlaThe internationalization process is complex, costly and uncertain. Existing theories stress the role of learning and knowledge and the role of networks in the acquisition of resources and information that affect the internationalization process. The “revised” Uppsalla model (Johanson and Vahlne 2009) incorporates relational networks, considering they have a strong impact on market selection, as well as on the identification of opportunities. The theory of International New Ventures (INV) emphasizes the importance of relational networks and vicarious learning as a way for companies to acquire knowledge about the external market. Some scholars consider that the participation in networks is particularly beneficial for younger and smaller firms. However, it is still unclear how the reliance on various network relationships potentially differs among younger and older ventures. This paper tackles this question by using a novel survey dataset of 238 Portuguese firms and a quantitative approach base on a descriptive and inferential analysis.Publication Open Access Driving forces of internationalization: differences between sectors2021-07-07 - Santos-Pereira, Carla; Durão, Natércia; Lobo, Carla AzevedoGlobalization and the progress in information and communication technologies, as well as international services trade agreements, have improved the position of service industries in the world economy. Therefore, an increasing number of service firms are engaging in foreign markets. The literature on internationalization, however, does not pay much attention to this sector, tending to focus more on the manufacturing sector and multinational enterprises (MNEs). Regarding this subject, scholars highlight four features that distinguish services from manufactured goods: intangibility, inseparability, perishability and heterogeneity. Researchers argue that these characteristics influences the motivations of particular service industries to engage in foreign market operations and this also inevitably makes their internationalization motivations and determinants different from that of the manufacturing sector. Bearing in mind this gap in the literature, the main objective of this study is to empirically investigate the driving forces behind internationalization of Portuguese firms, focusing on differences between sectors. Specifically, to examine the factors that determine firm internationalization strategy and the differences between service and manufacturing firms. To achieve this goal, we used Quantitative Analysis Methodologies. Data collected from 199 valid responses were treated using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 software. Given the nature of the data (categorical variables measured on an ordinal scale), the statistical methods used for the data analysis were Descriptive Analysis (frequency analysis and graphical representations) and Inferential Analysis (Kruskall-Wallis nonparametric test with multiple comparisons).Publication Open Access Innovation and internationalisation: Is there a connection with entry modes and destination countries? [abstract]2022-07 - Azevedo, Mónica; Durão, Natércia; Lobo, Carla Azevedo; Santos-Pereira, CarlaIn a globalized world where internationalisation plays a crucial role for the success of companies, innovation is also proving to be a key strategic decision for their development and competitiveness. Despite the broad consensus on the growing importance of internationalization and innovation for companies, some questions arise: Is there a link between innovation and internationalization? Does the relationship between internationalisation and innovation differ according to entry modes? Does the importance of innovation differ between destination markets? Taking into account a sample of Portuguese companies, this study seeks to answer mainly the last two questions. Thus, the goal is to explore whether it is possible to establish a pattern of relationship between internationalisation modes, destination markets and innovation for Portuguese firms. To achieve the objectives, we set out to accomplish in this work, we used data gathered through an online questionnaire survey. A questionnaire was designed and sent by email to 8183 companies from the AICEP database. From the data collected we gathered 310 valid responses, which were then processed by IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0 software. Quantitative Analysis were used and given the nature of the data (categorical variables measured on a nominal or ordinal scale), the statistical methods used were Exploratory Analysis (Univariate and Multivariate Exploratory Factorial Analysis- EFA) and Inferential Analysis (Correlation analysis: Spearman´s correlation and Chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney nonparametric test). According to the results, we can find empirical evidence that are indeed the companies with internationalisation modes that require greater commitment, as well as with geographically and psychologically more distant destination markets, the ones that attach greater importance to innovation as a determinant of internationalisation.Publication Open Access The portuguese norm for innovation: A case study [abstract]2023-06 - Azevedo, Mónica; Oliveira, Susana; Lobo, Carla AzevedoThis paper addresses the need for different and qualitative approaches to assess the impact of public funding on innovation in private firms. [...]Publication Open Access Global talent management durante a pandemia da Covid-19 pandemic2022-02 - Fernandes, Cristina; Veiga, Pedro Mota; Lobo, Carla AzevedoA atual pandemia Covid-19 tem efeitos aterradores nos mercados de trabalho em todo o mundo. [...]