Lobo, Carla Azevedo
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Lobo
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Carla Azevedo
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Carla Azevedo Lobo
Biografia
Carla Azevedo Lobo é doutorada em Gestão pela Universidade Portucalense. É Professora Auxiliar da Universidade Portucalense e leciona em cursos de Licenciatura, Mestrado e Doutoramento, na área das Ciências Empresariais. É também Coordenadora do Curso de Licenciatura em Gestão, desde 2010. É investigadora do REMIT (Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies). Foi a Investigadora Responsável do Projeto de Investigação ("IEcPBI”) na área dos Negócios Internacionais, financiado pelo COMPETE 2020, FEDER e FCT, entre 2018 - 2022.
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Investigadora do REMIT - Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies (departamento: DEG)
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2E1D-CA98-5832
57210261298
43544551Projetos de investigação
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REMIT – Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies
Centro de investigação que que tem como objetivo principal produzir e disseminar conhecimento teórico e aplicado que possibilite uma maior compreensão das dinâmicas e tendências económicas, empresariais, territoriais e tecnológicas do mundo contemporâneo e dos seus efeitos socioeconómicos. O REMIT adota uma perspetiva multidisciplinar que integra vários domínios científicos: Economia e Gestão; Ciências e Tecnologia; Turismo, Património e Cultura.
Founded in 2017, REMIT – Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies is a research unit of Portucalense University. Based on a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary perspective it aims at responding to social challenges through a holistic approach involving a wide range of scientific fields such as Economics, Management, Science, Technology, Tourism, Heritage and Culture.
Grounded on the production of advanced scientific knowledge, REMIT has a special focus on its application to the resolution of real issues and challenges, having as strategic orientations:
- the understanding of local, national and international environment;
- the development of activities oriented to professional practice, namely in the business world.
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Publicação Acesso Aberto International business performance and the enhancers of the internationalization strategy in Portuguese firms2019 - Lobo, Carla Azevedo; Durão, Natércia; Santos-Pereira, CarlaAs business has become increasingly global, firms have been defied to develop a distinct approach in terms of business resources, skills and capabilities. The way in which these factors are organized and directed depend upon the role played by the entrepreneur within the company. In other words, the entrepreneur's role can define the company's ability to acquire and operationalize its resources, thus being able to influence business performance, especially of international businesses. Research on factors affecting internationalization is attracting growing interest, but few empirical works focus on the perspective of the entrepreneur. Aiming to analyze the existence of an association between international business performance and the factors that act, on the entrepreneur perspective, as enhancers of the internationalization strategy, an online questionnaire survey was conducted with several variables, based on the literature review. Data collected from the 311 valid responses (Portuguese international firms) were treated by IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 software. The statistical analyses used were Descriptive Analysis (frequency analysis, descriptive statistics and graphical representations), Inferential Analysis (Spearman´s ordinal correlation, Kruskall-Wallis Test and Chi-Square Test), Reliability Analysis (Cronbach´s alpha) and Categorical Principal Components Analysis (CATPCA). In accordance with International New Ventures Theory, the Strategic Choice view and Network theory, we found evidence of the positive correlation between international experience of the employees and the percentage of business that resulted from internationalization. We also concluded that there is evidence of the importance of specific skills of the employees, of propensity to take risks and the importance of Networks, in international business performance.Publicação Acesso Aberto Teoria das redes: ambiente favorável para a aquisição de recursos estratégicos como o conhecimento, para a internacionalização das PME.2014 - Guedes, Júlio Faceira; Lobo, Carla AzevedoHoje em dia, as empresas precisam de estar num constante processo de inovação e a reestruturar constantemente as suas operações para responder aos requisitos da concorrência nacional, mas talvez muito mais da internacional. O insucesso nos mercados internacionais pode levar a perdas de oportunidades de mercado, mas também a uma maior probabilidade de se agravarem as possibilidades de sobreviver no longo prazo. As empresas têm de encontrar novas formas para desenvolver vantagens competitivas que passam por procurar e adquirir novas competências, recursos e capacidades. O conhecimento é um importante recurso estratégico devido ao seu impacto na capacidade competitiva da empresa. Em muitos casos as empresas, nomeadamente as mais pequenas (International New Ventures – INV) podem ganhar acesso a esses recursos, incluindo conhecimentos específicos de mercado, através de formas alternativas de gestão, tais como as redes industriais. Integrar uma rede pode facilitar o acesso a recursos específicos de mercado, nomeadamente ao conhecimento, que uma empresa isolada não poderia ter de outra forma. No nosso trabalho, através de um estudo empírico com 320 empresas portuguesas internacionalizadas encontramos evidências da importância que têm as “Redes Relacionais” para os empresários portugueses, bem como as “Competências Específicas dos Colaboradores”, a “Experiência Internacional dos Colaboradores” e a “Propensão Empreendedora e para Assumir riscos dos Colaboradores e Direção”, em consonância com a Teoria do Capital Humano, e a Teoria das INV, a Population Ecology Approach.Publicação Acesso Aberto International New Ventures and Early Internationalization: Relational networks and workers specific skills as enhancing agents2018 - Pinho, Carlos; Lobo, Carla Azevedo; Maldonado, IsabelBased on the opinions of different entrepreneurs, this study seeks to determine the importance of several factors as inducers of the internationalization process by companies that have internationalized early in their life cycle. Factors such as the relational networks, entrepreneurs’ specific skills and international experience of employees are considered. The empirical study was conducted on a sample of 320 Portuguese companies. Data Exploratory Analysis methodologies and Univariate Statistical Inference methodologies were used. Evidence was found for the importance of Relational Networks, for Specific skills of the employees, and for the International Experience of employees, in line with the chosen Theoretical Model.Publicação Acesso Aberto Internacionalização precoce: A importância das competências dos colaboradores e das redes relacionais2017 - Maldonado, Isabel; Lobo, Carla AzevedoBaseado na avaliação das opiniões de diferentes empresários, este estudo procura averiguar qual a importância atribuída a diversos fatores considerados potenciadores/indutores do processo de internacionalização por parte das empresas que se internacionalizam cedo no seu ciclo de vida. São considerados fatores como as redes relacionais, as competências específicas dos empresários e a experiência internacional dos colaboradores. O estudo empírico é efetuado com base numa amostra de 320 empresas portuguesas sendo utilizadas metodologias de Análise Exploratória de Dados e metodologias de Inferência Estatística Univariada. Foram encontradas evidências da importância para os empresários portugueses das Redes Relacionais, bem como das Competências Específicas dos Colaboradores, da Experiência Internacional dos Colaboradores, em consonância com a Teoria das Redes, a Teoria do Capital Humano, a Teoria das International New Ventures, a Population Ecology Approach e com a Attention Based View.Publicação Acesso Aberto Business internationalization inducing factors: The importance of knowledge and relational networks2017 - Lobo, Carla Azevedo; Maldonado, IsabelCompanies are currently required to continually innovate and restructure their operations in order to respond to the requirements of national and international competition. Companies have to find new ways to develop competitive advantages and acquire new skills, resources and capabilities. Based on the opinions of different factors considered as inducers of the internationalization process by companies that internationalized early in their life cycle. We developed an empirical study with 320 portuguese international firms and used the statistical software AMOS for a confirmatory factor analysis. We propose a Theoretical Model in accordance to Human Capital Theory, International New Ventures Theory, and the Population Ecology Approach. We find evidence of the importance of Networks, Specific Skills of its workers, International Experience of its workers and Entrepreneurial Propensity and to Take Risks from workers and top management team.Publicação Acesso Restrito International determinants and inducing factors and performance of Portuguese internationalised companies2023-02-28 - Pinho, Carlos; Maldonado, Isabel; Lobo, Carla Azevedo; Pacheco, Luís MiguelPurpose This study aims to analyse the relationship between the internationalisation performance of the company and, on the one hand, the factors that determine the internationalisation strategy and, on the other hand, the factors considered as inducers of this internationalisation process. The purpose of this study is to relate the determinants and inducing factors of the internationalisation process with the performance of internationalised companies, trying to assess how these determinants and these factors contribute to better performance. Design/methodology/approach The authors sent out a questionnaire to Portuguese exporting companies, containing questions regarding determinant factors associated with both the characteristics of origin market and target market of the internationalisation process and internationalisation inducing factors. The questionnaire results were subjected to a regression analysis. Findings The results indicate a positive relationship with the characteristics of the domestic market, more specifically with the need to reduce and diversify risk and the need to win new markets and consumers. Regarding the characteristics of the foreign market, there is a positive relationship with the determinants: follow customers and favourable perspectives of growth in the new market. In relation to the internationalisation inducing factors, those factors that the entrepreneur recognises as the triggers of the internationalisation strategy, the researchers found the existence of a positive relationship with formal and informal contact networks, as well as specific employee skills, international experience and strong propensity for entrepreneurship and risk-taking. Research limitations/implications This study presents some limitations. On the one hand, the fact that the authors used the questionnaires, which seemed to be the most adequate approach, brings as a drawback the reduced number of answers. Further collection is in order to increase the sample under study. On the other hand, the literature presents different approaches that may be tested as well as the possibility of including other types of variables that the researchers will address in future studies. Originality/value By analysing the relationship between company performance in the internationalisation process and the factors that determine and induce this internationalisation process, this study seeks to identify which factors entrepreneurs should favour and strengthen to obtain a better performance in the internationalisation process. In addition, the authors use the concept of inducing factors that represent the firm's characteristics that trigger the internationalisation strategy. In a complementary perspective, the authors intend to contribute to the identification of the factors that new Portuguese entrepreneurs should pay more attention to, when starting their internationalisation process and that will improve their performance.Publicação Acesso Aberto International performance: the role of determinants and inducing factors2022-02 - Pinho, Carlos; Maldonado, Isabel; Pacheco, Luís Miguel; Lobo, Carla AzevedoThis study aims to analyse the relationship between the company's internationalization performance and the factors that determine and induce this internationalization process. [...]Publicação Acesso Restrito International new ventures and early internationalization: Networks and skills as enhancing agents2019-01-28 - Pinho, Carlos; Maldonado, Isabel; Lobo, Carla AzevedoThe skills of the employees, and for the International Experience of employees, in line with the chosen Theoretical Model. current research on international new ventures has been trying to understand the processes that support companies in their decision to early enter foreign markets. The role of learning and knowledge as become one of the arising topics in the literature. Recent empirical evidences provide important insights on the internationalization of new business. Younger firms are able to compensate their limited experiential learning at company level, through learning based on previous experiences of the management team, and through inter-organizational relationships (vicarious learning). The most common type of vicarious learning discussed in conceptual and empirical works involves learning with a network: depending on the position of a company in the network, this will define its range of opportunities and constraints and these relationships have a strong impact on market selection as well as on entry mode because they make it easier to identify and exploit new opportunities. Based on the opinions of different entrepreneurs, this study seeks to determine the importance of several factors as inducers of the internationalization process by companies that have internationalized early in their life cycle. Factors such as the relational networks, entrepreneurs’ specific skills and international experience of employees are considered. The empirical study was conducted on a sample of 320 Portuguese companies. Data Exploratory Analysis methodologies and Univariate Statistical Inference methodologies were used. Evidence was found for the importance of Relational Networks, for Specific.Publicação Acesso Aberto Enhancing factors of business internationalization: A model for portuguese smes2017 - Ferreira, Ana Teresa; Cordeiro, S.A.; Costa-Lobo, Cristina; Lobo, Carla AzevedoNowadays, firms need to engage in a continuous innovation process and constantly restructure their operations to meet the requirements of national but, most of all, international competition. Failure to act internationally may lead to a loss of market opportunities, but also to a more severe inability to survive in the long run. Firms must find new ways to develop a competitive advantage, which entails searching for and acquiring new skills, resources and capabilities. Knowledge is an important strategic resource due to its impact on firms’ competitive capacity. In many instances, firms, including international new ventures, may access those resources, including the market–specific knowledge, through alternative ways of governance, such as “industrial networks”. In this work, through an empirical study with 320 Portuguese international firms, a Theoretical Model that measures the enhancing factors of business internationalization is presented, with evidence of the importance of Networks, of “Specific Skills of its workers”, “International Experience of its workers” and of “Entrepreneurial Propensity and to take risks from workers and top management team”, in accordance to Human Capital Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, International New Ventures Theory, and the Population Ecology Approach.Publicação Acesso Aberto Early internationalization: The importance of skills and relational networks2017 - Lobo, Carla Azevedo; Maldonado, IsabelCompanies are currently required to continually innovate and restructure their operations in order to respond to the requirements of national and international competition. Companies have to find new ways to develop competitive advantages and acquire new skills, resources and capabilities. Since the 90’s, the research on international new ventures (INV) contested the idea that new or small companies can’t be early internationalized or that they would only do so incrementally. Since then, a growing flow of research into international new ventures has tried to understand the causes, processes, and outcomes of the decision to early enter foreign markets. A common thread concerns the role of learning and knowledge. Organizational knowledge, or its absence, was a central explanation for internationalization in original stage-based models (Uppsala School), but INV theory recognized that individual factors such as international experience can also influence the pace and specially the beginning of internationalization. More specifically, some recent empirical evidence offers important insights into the internationalization of new business, showing that younger companies are able to compensate for their limited experiential learning through previous individual experiences of the top management team and through inter-organizational relationships. Based on our literature review we intend to evaluate entrepreneurs’ opinions, in order to ascertain whether factors such as a relational network, worker’s specific skills and "worker’s international experience, can act as enhancing agents or inducers of the company internationalization process. Moreover we intend to investigate if there are differences in the importance of these factors to those companies that internationalize early in their life cycle (maturity level). An empirical study was carried out with 320 Portuguese companies through Exploratory Analysis and Univariate Statistical Inference methodologies. We found evidence that allows us to say that companies that internationalize early in their life cycle are those which most value the importance of worker’s specific skills and worker’s international experience. However relational networks don’t depend on companies’ maturity level.Keywords: Internationalization, skills, networks.