I2P - Resumos em Livros de Atas / Abstracts in Proceedings
URI permanente para esta coleção:
Navegar
Entradas recentes
Publicação Acesso Aberto Impactful creativity: The role of entrepreneurship education in driving sustainable development [abstract](IEREK, 2023-11-07) Durão, Marília; Simão, Emília; Veríssimo, Medéia; Nogueira, Sónia; Fernandes, SandraThe cultural and creative sector is one of the most dynamic sectors of the portuguese economy, contributing to job creation, innovation, social development, preservation of cultural heritage, and the promotion of the country's image across the globe. [...]Item Acesso Aberto The Brief Peer Conflict Scale: Psychometric characterization across Portuguese adolescents and young adults(CINEICC, 2023-03) Rodrigues, Pedro F. S.; Vagos, Paula; Pandeirada, Josefa N. S.Introduction/Aims: The Brief Peer Conflict Scale (Brief PCS) measures aggressive behavior as a multidimensional construct associated with diverse forms (i.e., overt and relational) and functions (i.e., reactive and proactive). Its psychometric properties have been assessed in adolescent and young adult samples, but these groups have not been compared before. This work aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Brief PCS across Portuguese community samples of adolescents and young adults. Methods: A sample of 891 participants (54.9%) aged 12 to 25 years old (M=16.69, SD=2.97) responded to the Brief PCS. Of those, 477 composed the adolescent sample (50.7% female) aged 12 to 17 years old (M=14.30, SD=1.43) and 414 constituted the young adult sample (67.1% female) aged 18 to 25 years old (M=19.43, SD=1.5). Results: Confirmatory factor analyses replicated the four-factor measurement model (i.e., proactive overt, reactive overt, proactive relational, and reactive relational aggression) as a good fit for the adolescent and the young adult samples taken separately, though using only 16 of the original 20 items. Acceptable internal consistency values were found for all four measures. Strong measurement invariance based on age-groups (i.e., adolescents and young adults) was found. Adolescents were overall more aggressive than young adults. Conclusions: This work provides psychometric properties of the Brief PCS to measure the combinations of the forms and functions of aggression invariantly across adolescents and young adults. The Brief PCS was sensitive to detect age-based differences in the practice of aggression. Its use to explore developmental trajectories of aggression seems justifiable.Item Acesso Aberto Are subjective memory complaints (un)related to working memory performance? A study with Portuguese young- and older-adults(CINEICC, 2023-03) Pereira, Bruno M.; Barbosa, Carolina M.; Rodrigues, Pedro F. S.Introduction/Aims: Normative deficits in memory capacity are usually associated with subjective memory complaints, however, the relationship between the declines of objective memory and the subjective memory complaints is not clear. This cross-sectional study aimed to understand the relationship between subjective memory complains frequency (i.e., memory lapses) and objective memory decline both in young and older adults. Method: A sample of 60 Portuguese participants was composed through convenience sampling. The participants were divided in two groups regarding their age. The group of the young-adults was composed of 30 participants (19 males and 11 females), with ages ranging from 18 to 35 years (M = 24.33; SD = 4.42). The group of the older adults was composed of 30 participants (14 males and 16 females), with ages ranging from 65 to 86 years (M = 74.20; SD = 5.77). To data collection, a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Questionnaire of Memory Lapses, Montreal Cognitive Assessment and three verbal working memory tasks (digit span, sequence of letters and numbers, and arithmetic) were used. Results: As expected, the older adults reported more memory lapses and a worst performance in the working memory tasks in comparison with the adults’ group. Moreover, was found a negative correlation between general cognitive performance and the frequency of subjective memory complaints in the older adults. At the same time, no significant correlations were obtained between the subjective and objective cognitive assessments in the adults’ group. Conclusion: In light of the results of our study, we conclude that memory lapses may be related to working memory loosening and deficits. Furthermore, our results sustain this conclusion with evidence that fewer memory lapses are present when there is a better cognitive performance. These findings lead us to conclude that, memory lapses can constitute an important indicator of memory loosening, associated with aging or the onset of dementia.Item Acesso Aberto Relation between subjective and objective (working) memory in young and older adults(2023-03) Babo, Ana; Rodrigues, Pedro F. S.Introduction/Aims: The relation between autobiographical memory and memory complaints has been widely studied. Results has been inconsistent and explained by several factors (e.g., age, emotional state, nature of the tasks). On other hand, the relation between subjective memory complaints and working memory is sparsely studied. The current work aimed to understand the relation between subjective memory complaints and objective memory tasks, specifically visuospatial tasks and immediate evocation. Method: The sample consisted of 80 participants: 40 young adults aged between 18 and 35 years and 40 older adults aged 65 years or over. The following instruments and tasks were applied: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), objective memory tasks (i.e., digit span; word span; colors span and corsi blocks), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).Results: The results indicated the existence of significant differences in subjective memory complaints between young adults and older adults. The results also indicated that individuals with higher levels of depression had more subjective memory complaints, and this fact was particularly evident in the older adults. Conclusion: The study indicates that there is a relation between subjective memory complaints and results obtained in objective tasks among young adults and older adults. It also indicates that there are differences between age groups in subjective memory complaints. However, the depression variable may be a contributing factor to the emergence of these subjective memory complaints.Item Acesso Aberto The influence of synchrony/asynchrony effect on eyewitness memory performance(CINEICC, 2023-03-30) Oliveira, Ana Carolina; Rodrigues, Pedro F. S.; Pinto da Costa, MarianaIntroduction/Objectives: People can be classified according to their chronotype, which is their individual preference to develop certain activities at the time-of-day in which the peak of physical and mental activity is reached. There are three main types of chronotype: morning-, evening- and neither-type. Research so far has suggested that the synchrony between time-of-day and chronotype could potentially result in better performance and productivity. On the other hand, asynchrony with our internal rhythms could cause negative effects, such as decline in cognitive performance.This study aimed to analyse a possible interaction between chronotype (morning type/evening-type) and time-of-day (morning/end of day) and how this interaction could influence the eyewitness’s memory performance. Methods: To this end, 44 participants (24 evening-types and 20 morning-types) performed two memory tasks that took place in two online sessions, at different times of the day: one in the morning (optimal time-of-day for morning-types and non-optimal for evening-types) and another at the end of the day (optimal time-of-day for evening-types and non-optimal for morning-types). In each session (interval between sessions of one week), it was requested to each participant to visualise two videos, one of a crime scene and another of a neutral situation, answer questions related to the videos and complete questionnaires to collect additional variables that influence memory (e.g., stress, depression and anxiety). The order of the sessions (synchrony/asynchrony) and the presentation of the videos were counterbalanced across participants. Results: In general, the results indicated that the participant’s memory performance was better in the synchrony moment when compared to the asynchrony moment. In the crime videos it was found a statistically significant difference between synchrony (M=11.27, DP=3.42) and asynchrony (M=9.52, DP=3.20) moments in the central details correctly recalled (p=.006) and in the neutral videos was shown a statistically significant difference in peripheral details correctly recalled (synchrony: M=8.09, DP=3.75, asynchrony: M=6.16, DP=2.25; p=.003). It was also found that the type of chronotype did not influence the obtained results, which means that what explains the differences is just the fact that the chronotype is in synchrony or asynchrony. Finally, it was also found an influence of stress, anxiety and depression, more pronounced in neutral videos. Conclusions: These results allowed to improve knowledge about the influence that the synchronization between the time of day and the chronobiological rhythm can have on eyewitness memory performance. This study also could have important implications to research and to interrogation practices.Item Acesso Aberto The influence of chronotype on eyewitness memory performance(UPorto, 2023-05-12) Oliveira, Carolina; Rodrigues, Pedro F. S.; Pinto da Costa, MarianaPeople can be classified according to their chronotype, which is their preference in terms of sleeping patterns and task performance, being divided into three categories: morning-type, evening-type and neither-type. The literature suggests that the synchrony between time-of-day and chronotype could potentially result in better performance and productivity, known as the “synchrony effect”. In this study we aimed to analyse a possible interaction between chronotype (morning-type/evening-type) and time-of-day (morning/end of day) and how this interaction could influence the eyewitnesses’ memory performance. To this end, 44 participants (24 evening types and 20 morning-types) were recruited to perform two memory tasks that took place in two online sessions, at different times of the day: one in the morning and another at the end of the day. In each session, it was requested to each participant to visualise two videos, one of a crime scene and another of a neutral situation, answer questions related to the videos and complete questionnaires to collect additional variables that influence memory (e.g., stress, depression and anxiety). The order of the sessions (synchrony/asynchrony) and the presentation of the videos were counterbalanced across participants. The results indicated that the participants’ memory performance was better in the synchrony moment when compared to the asynchrony moment. It was also found that the type of chronotype did not influence the obtained results, which means that what explains the differences is just the fact that the chronotype is in synchrony or asynchrony. Finally, it was found that the influence of stress, anxiety and depression was more pronounced in neutral videos. These results could have important implications for research and interrogation practices, however further studies will be necessary to consolidate the knowledge about the influence of the chronotype and synchrony effect on eyewitness memory performance.Item Acesso Aberto Age as a predictor of Working Memory Performance(CINEICC, 2023-04) Gonçalves, Beatriz M.; Oliveira, Joana I.; Rodrigues, Pedro F. S.Introduction: Working memory is a retention of a small amount of information in an easily accessible way, it is essential in the execution of numerous daily tasks. Existing literature has shown that working memory declines with adult age. Digit Span Test (DST) is often used in clinical practice to assess working memory. Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess individuals’ working memory and its relation with age. We examined if there are differences in working memory between the age groups (Group 1: 18-29 YO; Group 2: 30-59 YO; Group 3: 60+ YO). Further we analyzed if those differences would remain when controlling de effects of state-anxiety. Moreover, we intended to assess if age is predictive of working memory performance. Methods: We collected a sample of 39 participants (M = 41.67, DP = 20.52). To assess state anxiety we used the Self-Evaluation Questionnaire (STAI-Y2). To assess the working memory, we used the Digit Span Test in forward and backward order. Results: The results of the one-way analysis of variance showed statistically significant differences in the scores between the age groups in the forward order, Group 1 performed better on the task than Groups 2 and 3, also, Group 2 performed better than Group 3. The covariance analyses demonstrated that the effect of age in the individuals’ performance remained when controlling for the effect of state-anxiety. The regression analyses revealed that age is a statistically significant predictor of performance in the backward order. Conclusions: This study supports the existing literature that emphasizes age as a predictor of working memory performance. We concluded that as age increases, performance in working memory decreases. Pointedly, aging is associated with deterioration of working memory capacities and psychological flexibility.Item Acesso Aberto European Portuguese Version of the Stimulant Relapse Risk Scale (SRRS): Preliminary psychometric characterization(CINEICC, 2023-03-30) Dias, Joana Andreia; Caetano, Ana Paula; Rodrigues, Pedro F. S.Introduction/Aims: Substance abuse relapse is a global problem and an integral component of the recovery process. Global statistics of substance abuse relapse after treatment are disturbingly high, averaging about 75% over a period of 3 to 6 months after treatment (Appiah, 2017). According to the literature, individuals with substance use disorders have higher negative emotional levels with impairments in emotional regulation, compared to people without substance abuse (Stellern, 2022). In addition, higher frequency and quantity of substance abuse is associated with greater emotional dysregulation, namely in controlling impulsive behaviors (Garke et al., 2021). Therefore, in recent years, relapse prevention in individuals with substance use disorders has been widely studied and related to other dimensions, such as emotional regulation and impulsivity (Garke et al, 2021; Ogai et al., 2006; Wint, 2008). The Stimulating Relapse Risk Scale (SRRS) was developed and validated in Japan (Ogai et al., 2006), based on the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire. The SRRS was created including a variety of relapse risk, such as craving (expectancy, compulsivity, etc.) and emotionality problems. This study aims to adapt and validate the SRRS for the European Portuguese version. Methods: The SRRS assesses 5 main factors of relapse in substance abuse: (a) compulsiveness, (b) negative experience with drug use, (c) clear intent to use drugs, (d) positive experience with drug use, and (e) emotional problems; these 5 factors are divided into 35 items. Our sample, will be composed about 350 participants, individuals with substance use in treatment or outpatient, from the central region of Portugal. To consolidate the results, the outcomes will also be conduct statistical analyses with the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) and the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire. Results: We expected to perform descriptive analyses, internal consistency, factor analysis and concurrent validity and discuss our results in light of the existing literature. Conclusion: This investigation intends, within a year, to provide a European Portuguese version of the SRRS, a valid instrument to assess the risk of relapse in substance users and a validated tool for health professionals and researchers.Item Acesso Aberto Sublinhado e reconhecimento de palavras: Efeito sumativo na memória(APPE, 2023-03-31) Albuquerque, Pedro B.; Ribeiro, Andreia; Gomes, Beatriz; Rodrigues, Pedro F. S.O sublinhado é uma técnica amplamente utilizada pelos estudantes. A investigação sobre a utilidade do sublinhado tem sido escassa e com resultados inconsistentes. Recorrendo a três experiências, esta comunicação tem como objetivo explorar o papel do sublinhado na memória, nomeadamente a sua eficácia no reconhecimento de palavras. Na Experiência 1, baseada num desenho intra-sujeito tal como todas as outras, os participantes foram instruídos a ler em silêncio (grupo de controlo) e a ler em silêncio e sublinhar palavras (grupo experimental), realizando de seguida um teste de reconhecimento. Os resultados mostraram maior reconhecimento para palavras sublinhadas, do que para palavras lidas apenas em silêncio. Para perceber se a pista percetiva (sublinhado) sem o envolvimento motor do ato de sublinhar é suficiente para produzir vantagens na memória, foi realizada a Experiência 2. Os participantes foram instruídos a ler silenciosamente palavras sublinhadas (sublinhado passivo) e também palavras sem sublinhado. Os resultados mostraram uma proporção maior de palavras reconhecidas previamente apresentadas com sublinhado, do que palavras sem sublinhado. Finalmente, na Experiência 3, os participantes realizaram o movimento de sublinhado (sem cor) sobre metade das palavras e apenas leram a outra metade das palavras. Os resultados mostraram mais uma vez que o simples ato de sublinhar, mesmo que sem cor, melhora a capacidade de reconhecimento. Os resultados das três experiências sugerem um efeito positivo do sublinhado na memória, contribuindo para o aumento do reconhecimento de palavras. Esse efeito pode ser explicado pela distinção associada ao sublinhado.Item Acesso Aberto Sala decorada – aprendizagem danificada? Um paradigma para o estudo da influência de elementos (ir)relevantes da sala de aula(APPE, 2023-03-31) Coelho, Sónia; Rodrigues, Pedro F. S.; Fernandes, Sara M.A distração visual é amplamente estudada com diversos tipos de tarefas e em diversos grupos etários. Contudo, a influência que um ambiente circundante pode ter no desempenho cognitivo dos indivíduos tem sido mais recentemente explorada, mas ainda com muitas questões por responder. Rodrigues e Pandeirada conduziram estudos com crianças dos 8-12 anos (2018) e com adolescentes dos 13-17 anos (2019) com o objetivo de perceberem a influência do ambiente visual circundante no desempenho obtido em tarefas cognitivas básicas (e.g., blocos de corsi e go/no-go). Os resultados indicaram que os elementos visuais presentes no ambiente circundante influenciaram o desempenho dos participantes: no ambiente com alta carga visual os participantes apresentaram resultados inferiores quando comparados com as tarefas realizadas no ambiente sem elementos visuais. Contudo, pouco se sabe sobre o efeito de ambientes visuais circundantes, quando os elementos visuais estão relacionados ou não relacionados com tarefas de aprendizagem escolar. O objetivo principal deste projeto foi perceber o efeito do ambiente visual circundante no desempenho obtido por crianças (idade escolar: 7-10 anos) em tarefas escolares. Para o efeito, pretendeu-se: 1) Manipular o fundo/paredes da sala de aula com diferentes elementos visuais (elementos relacionados vs. não relacionados com os conteúdos a aprender); 2) Perceber o efeito dessa manipulação ambiental no desempenho obtido por crianças dos 7 aos 10 anos de idade (ensino básico) em tarefas escolares. Neste poster apresenta-se o paradigma experimental utilizado neste projeto e alguns resultados preliminares, discutidos à luz das teorias existentes.Item Acesso Aberto Estarás atento(a) em qualquer momento do dia? Efeito de (as)sincronia em tarefas atencionais: um estudo com universitários(APPE, 2023-03-31) Correia, Márcia; Fernandes, Sara M.; Rodrigues, Pedro F. S.O cronótipo refere-se às diferenças individuais nas variações circadianas, podendo definir-se em três tipos principais: o tipo matutino (o pico máximo de atividade do indivíduo decorre nas primeiras horas do dia); o tipo vespertino (o pico máximo de atividade ocorre ao final da tarde/noite); e o tipo intermédio (o pico de atividade decorre em horas intermédias do dia). O principal objetivo desta investigação foi analisar as diferenças no desempenho atencional de estudantes do ensino superior quando estes realizaram tarefas de atenção no período ótimo (sincronia) e no período não ótimo do dia (assincronia). A amostra foi constituída por estudantes da Universidade Portucalense. A investigação dividiu-se em duas fases: 1) Preenchimento do Questionário de Horne & Östberg 976; versão portuguesa: Silva et al., 200 que permitiu a classificação dos participantes nos 3 tipos de cronótipo; 2) Aplicação de tarefas atencionais ao grupo dos participantes matutinos e vespertinos (parte experimental do estudo): cada participante, de forma individual, realizou um conjunto de tarefas atencionais (e.g., tarefa de atenção dividida) no seu momento síncrono e no seu momento assíncrono. A ordem de manipulação dos momentos (sincronia vs. assíncrona) foi contrabalanceada entre participantes. Todos os participantes realizaram as mesmas tarefas nos dois momentos (síncrono e assíncrono) com um intervalo de cerca de 1 semana entre eles. Nesta comunicação são apresentados resultados preliminares desta investigação, discutidos à luz das teorias existentes.Item Acesso Aberto Workplace age discrimination and engagement: The role of emotional regulation [abstract](2023-07-19) Miguel, Isabel; Silva, Sara; Sofia, Humboldt; Tavares, Patrícia; Low, Gail; Leal, Isabel; Valentim, Joaquim PiresIntroduction: Gaining competitive advantage is essential to modern organizations, for which it is fundamental that workers are engaged with their work. Perceived age discrimination in the workplace is a factor that may influence workers’ engagement. Objectives: The present study aimed to analyze the moderating role of emotional regulation in the relationship between perceived age discrimination and work engagement. Methods:This empirical study included a sample of 452 Portuguese workers of various age groups, between 18 and 65 years-old and used the questionnaire as data collection method. Results: Results show that perceived workplace age discrimination negatively impacts work engagement. Further, results suggest that emotional regulation exacerbates the negative relationship between perceived age discrimination and work engagement. Conclusions: Age management strategies to address perceived age discrimination and work engagement, particularly due to the increasing proportion of older workers, are discussed.Item Acesso Aberto Psychosocial differences in perceived older workers’ work (un)adaptability, effectiveness, and workplace age discrimination [abstract](Cambridge University Press, 2023-07-19) Humboldt, Sofia; Miguel, Isabel; Valentim, Joaquim; Andrea, Costa; Low, Gail; Leal, IsabelIntroduction: The aging population in the developed world has implied increasing age diversity in the workforce of organizations. Consequently, mutual perceptions about one’s co-workers and age discrimination is becoming increasingly important. Objectives: This study aims to explore how perceptions about older workers’ work (un)adaptability, work effectiveness and workplace age discrimination vary according to participants’ psychosocial factors, such as age group, gender, education level and work sector. Methods: This study included a sample of 453 workers in Portugal, diverse in terms of age, gender, education level and work sector. Four different instruments were used: (a) a sociodemographic questionnaire; (b) an older workers’ Work Adaptability scale; (c) an older workers’ Work Effectiveness Scale and; (d) the Workplace Age Discrimination Scale (WADS). Results: Middle-aged and older participants perceive older workers as more adaptable than younger participants. The oldest group of participants perceives older workers to be more work-effective and experience the highest levels of age discrimination in the workplace, when compared to the other age groups. Also, participants with lower levels of education tend to perceive higher levels of workplace age discrimination, when compared to participants with high school and higher education. Conclusions: Generational perceptions in the workplace are perceived by workers differently, hence organizations should implement age management strategies to address age discrimination, particularly due to the increasing proportion of older workers.Item Acesso Aberto O Resgate da Coroa: Um livro-jogo para auxiliar na exteriorização de emoções de pacientes com anorexia nervosa(UA Editora - Universidade de Aveiro, 2022-04) Peçaibes, Viviane; Cardoso, Pedro; Castro, Liliana; Giesteira, Bruno; Quaresma, Isabel; Araújo, MariaAtualmente, constata-se um crescimento no uso de jogos como ferramentas de apoio ao tratamento de diferentes doenças mentais (Eichenberg & Schott, 2017; Calvo & Peters, 2014). Porém, a prevenção e tratamento da anorexia nervosa possui poucos recursos lúdicos que contemplem a complexidade da doença (Cardoso, Peçaibes, Giesteira, & Castro, 2021; Peçaibes, et al., 2021; Peçaibes, Cardoso, & Giesteira, 2019; Peçaibes, Cardoso, & Giesteira, 2018). Alguns indivíduos com a anorexia nervosa podem também apresentar alexitimia, que não provoca a ausência de emoções (Damásio, 2020), mas uma incapacidade de as reconhecer (Nemiah, Freyberger, & Sifneos, 1976). [...]Item Acesso Aberto Contributo da avaliação externa para a melhoria da liderança escolar: Um estudo de caso [abstract](CIIE - Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Educativas, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto (FPCEUP), 2023-02) Martins, Tânia; Fernandes, SandraO processo de Avaliação Externa das Escolas (AEE) constitui uma oportunidade de melhoria para as Escolas e/ou Agrupamentos, sendo os resultados apresentados no relatório um importante instrumento de reflexão e debate para todos os atores educativos, em particular, as lideranças escolares. [...]Item Acesso Aberto Tutorias autorregulatórias e promoção do sucesso escolar: O papel da mediação e envolvimento familiar [abstract](CIIE - Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Educativas, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto (FPCEUP), 2023-02) Pereira, Catarina Oliveira; Fernandes, SandraOs Planos de Desenvolvimento Pessoal, Social e Comunitário (PDPSC) integram uma das ações no domínio de atuação "+ Inclusão e Bem-estar", no âmbito da promoção do sucesso e inclusão educativos e do Plano 21|23 Escola+. [...]Item Acesso Aberto As iniciativas e medidas mais valorizadas pelos professores no processo de ensino e aprendizagem: Um estudo de caso [abstract](CIIE - Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Educativas, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto (FPCEUP), 2023-02) Unas, Maria Manuela Afonso Ferro; Fernandes, SandraO enquadramento político atual de autonomia e flexibilidade curricular tem desafiado as escolas e os professores a questionarem estratégias e práticas, que integrem a visão de que os alunos são autossuficientes e pertencem a um contexto. [...]Item Acesso Aberto Integração dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) na planificação curricular dos cursos da Universidade Portucalense: Resultados de um estudo preliminar [abstract](Universidade do Algarve, 2023-07) Fernandes, Sandra; Albuquerque, Ana Sílvia; Araújo, Alexandra M.; Morais, Paula; Barros, ElisabeteItem Acesso Aberto Capacitação em Responsabilidade Social no Ensino Superior: Uma competência transversal essencial [abstract](Universidade do Algarve, 2023-07) Pereira, Adelaide; Fernandes, Sandra; Albuquerque, Ana SílviaEste artigo procura analisar metodologias pedagógicas que fomentem competências em responsabilidade social (RS), nos estudantes do ensino superior, em prol de uma sociedade mais coesa, solidária e sustentável. [...]Item Acesso Aberto O desenho curricular dos cursos do Ensino Superior e os desafios do desenvolvimento sustentável: Um programa de capacitação docente na Universidade Portucalense [abstract](Universidade do Algarve, 2023-07) Fernandes, Sandra; Araújo, Alexandra M.O alinhamento da missão do Ensino Superior com os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) é de crucial importância para enfrentar os desafios globais da atualidade. [...]